12 BULLETIN 632, U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 
what lower than cottonseed meal. Since the tomato-seed meal which 
was subjected to analysis was from ether-extracted seeds, the ether 
q 
extract does not enter into consideration. The meal from seed ex- | 
pressed by hydraulic pressure would contain from 5 to 7 per cent 
ether extract, which represents the residual fat left in the cake. 
The crude-fiber content is relatively high as compared with the other 
feeds, being lower, however, than that of palm-nut cake. The content 
of nitrogen-free extract, consisting largely of carbohydrates, is higher 
than in such meals as cottonseed, sunflower, and sesame, and lower 
than in palm-nut, rape-seed, and linseed cake. 
From the results of the analysis and the comparison with standard 
stock feeds it would appear that tomato-seed meal possesses proper- 
ties of considerable value for stock feeding? In this connection it 
may be stated that in Italy, where the utilization of tomato residues 
is in practical operation, experiments with the meal or cake have 
demonstrated its value as a feed for stock. Aguet (2) has reported ; 
« factory in operation at San Giovanni a Teduccio, near Naples, for 
the industrial manufacture of tomato seedeake. Feeding trials con- 
ducted at the Royal Higher School of Agriculture at Portici with 
milch cows showed tomato seedcake to be equal in food value to lin- 
seed cake. Later, Scarpitti (13) conducted extensive investigations © 
with the seedcake as a feed for milch cows, stating that it is richer 
than flaxseed cake in protein and fat and is superior to it in its 
influence upon the weight and lacteal secretion of the cows. 
Shriver (14, p. 21-23) describes the manufacture of stock feed 
from the dried tomato waste after the extraction of the oil. A num- 
ber of grades of stock feed under the name “ Nutritivo” are manu- 
factured by a firm at Milan, Italy, from the dried skins mixed with 
molasses and the meal from the extracted seeds. This feed for 
cattle is sold at prices ranging, according to quality, from $1.32 
to $1.49 per 100 pounds. The seedcake after the oil is expressed is 
sold at $1.32 per 100 pounds. 
AVAILABLE QUANTITY OF THE MEAL. 
After extracting the oil from the estimated quantity of tomato 
seeds which accumulate annually, there would remain as a by-product 
about 1.200 tons of the meal. In addition to this large quantity 
of meal there would also be available about 1,800 tons of tomato skins. 
In view of the use to which the dried skins are apphed in Italy 
by incorporating them with the meal, this 7 increase the Loum 
available quantity to about 3,000 tons. 
SUMMARY. 
The foregoing investigation shows that the vast quantities of to- 
mato refuse accumulating each year at tomato-pulping factories can 
