UTILIZATION OF BLACK WALNUT. 
21 
purplish tones being somewhat common. In the trees grown on the 
heavier soils the heartwood is quite dark in color. In open-growth 
trees there are often light and dark stripes of brown, which make a 
pleasing figure. Texas logs have been in demand for many years for 
making veneer if highly figured stock was desired. 
Computations were made on approximately 12,000,000 board feet 
of logs purchased near the close of the war to show the average size 
of logs from different States. The average number of board feet to 
the log is shown in Table 4. These figures indicate that in the ex- 
treme northeastern, southeastern, and southwestern portions of the 
range the logs run below the average in size. With the exception 
of Ohio, Indiana, and Missouri, the States of the central and north- 
western areas are above the average in footage. The small size of 
logs from these States is probably the result of the extensive exploi- 
tation of the timber there, particularly in Indiana. Walnut logs 
from Tennessee and Kansas also have low values, particularly as 
compared with values in the adjacent States, Kentucky and Nebraska, 
respectively. In Kansas the best timber has been largely cut out in 
recent years. In Tennessee and Alabama the trees run smaller in 
size than they do farther north. The very high average shown for 
Michigan is doubtless occasioned by the shipment of choice lots of 
timber. 
Table 4. — Average number of board feet in walnut logs from different States. 
State. 
Board 
feet per 
log. 
State. 
Board 
feet per 
log. 
State. 
Board 
feet per 
log. 
106. 63 
79.61 
79.50 
79.43 
78.67 
76.95 
76.20 
76.17 
76.02 
75.12 
75.06 
73.10 
70.37 
69.37 
66.59 
63.51 
North Carolina 
60.71 
55.10 
51.88 
Average for all 
Ohio 
76.38 
DEMAND. 
It is somewhat difficult to determine the total amount of walnut 
timber used annually, because of the fluctuation from year to year. 
Conditions prevailing during the war added greatly to the normal 
demand. The total demand for walnut is made up almost entirely 
of logs for export, logs for conversion into lumber and veneer, 
and timber for use as railway ties, posts, and fuel. On account 
of its high value, little walnut is used in rough building con- 
struction. Prior to the war the exportation of logs amounted to 
7 to 12 million board feet, equivalent to between 8 and 15 million 
board feet of lumber; logs used for veneer amounted to 2J to 4 
