84 
BULLETIN 909, U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 
log lengths, for some log buyers take the diameter measure of long- 
logs at some specified distance back from the small end. If, however, 
there is a decided taper at the upper end of the merchantable length 
of the tree, it would often be a loss to the owner to leave that small- 
diameter material on the log. Defective parts of the bole may often 
be left out altogether to better the quality of the logs. (PL XIV. fig. 
3.)" After the trees are cut the logs should not be left lying for a long- 
time on the ground or exposed to the sun. The logs should be raised 
from the ground and the ends should be painted. If the ends of the 
logs are checked at the time of felling, it is customary for the cutters 
to make a blunt cut with a wedge across each end of the check. This 
helps to prevent the check from extending to the bark and, what 
would often result, the log splitting open its entire width. 
Table 27. — Amounts of board feet, log scale, contained in logs of different 
lengths and diameters, treasured according to the Doyle log rule. 
Diameter, 
small end 
inside bark 
(inches). 
Length hi feet. 
in 
Board feet. 
13 
18 
24 
30 
37 
45 
54 
63 
73 
84 
96 
108 
121 
135 
150 
165 
181 
198 
216 
234 
253 
2 
2 
2 
2 
3 
3 
3 
3 
4 
4 
4 
5 

6 
7 
7 
8 
8 
7 
8 
9 
10 
11 
12 
13 
14 
15 
11 
12 
14 
16 
17 
19 
20 
22 
23 
16 
18 
20 
22 
25 
27 
29 
31 
34 
21 
24 
28 
31 
• 34 
37 
40 
43 
46 1 
28 
32 
36 
40 
44 
48 
52 
56 
60 
35 
40 
46 
51 
56 
61 
66 
71 
76 
44 
50 
56 
62 
69 
75 
81 
87 
94 
53 
60 
68 
76 
83 
91 
98 
106 
113 
63 
72 
81 
90 
99 
108 
117 
126 
135 
74 
84 
95 
106 
116 
127 
137 
148 
158 
86 
98 
110 
122 
135 
147 
159 
171 
184 ; 
98 
112 
127 
141 
155 
169 
183 
197 
211 
112 
128 
144 
160 
176 
192 
208 
224 
240 ; 
126 
144 
163 
181 
199 
217 
235 
253 
271 
142 
162 
182 
202 
223 
243 
263 
283 
304 
158 
180 
203 
226 
248 
271 
293 
316 
338 
175 
200 
225 
250 
275 
300 
325 
350 
375 j 
193 
220 
248 
276 
303 
331 
358 
386 
413 
212 
242 
272 
302 
333 
363 
393 
423 
454 
231 
264 
298 
331 
364 
397 
430 
463 
496 
252 
288 
324 
360 
396 
432 
46S 
504 
540 
273 
312 
352 
391 
430 
469 
508 
547 
586 
296 
338 
380 
422 
465 
507 
549 
591 
634 
64 
81 
100 
121 
144 
169 
196 
225 
256 
289 
324 
361 
400 
441 
484 
529 
576 
625 
Costs of marketing include those of buying the timber, felling the 
trees, cutting into lengths, hauling to the railroad, loading on cars, 
and transporting to market. Buying costs Generally range from $o 
to $10 a thousand board feet. The cost of felling is variable, depend- 
ing mostly on the extent to which the timber is scattered. If the 
trees are frequent, the cost of felling and sawing into logs generally 
varies from $2 to $5 a thousand : if the growth is much scattered, and 
if considerable time is lost in going from one tree to another, the 
cost may amount to several dollars a thousand more. The cost of 
