56 BULLETIN 13, TJ. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 
Table 19. — Total planting cost per thousand plants for planting stock of different values. 
Number 
planted 
per man 
per day. 
Daily 
wage rate 
per man 
Labor 
cost per 
thousand. 
Total cost per thousand of stock 
and labor. 
Planting 
stock $3 per 
thousand. 
Planting 
stock $4 per 
thousand. 
Planting 
stock $6 per 
thousand. 
300 
500 
600 
/ $1.50 
\ 2.00 
/ 1.50 
\ 2.00 
/ 1.50 
\ 2.00 
$5.00 
6.67 
3.00 
4.00 
2.50 
3.33 
$8.00 
9.67 
6.00 
7.00 
5.00 
6.33 
$9.00 
10.67 
7.00 
8.00 
6.50 
7.33 
$11. 00 
12.67 
9.00 
10.00 
8.50 
9.33 
Table 20. — Total planting cost per acre under different conditions. 
Cost of planting stock per thousand. 
Number 
Daily 
planted 
per man 
wage 
rate per 
Spacing 8 by 8 feet. 
Spacing 6 by 6 feet. 
Spacing 4 by 4 feet. 
per day. 
$3 
$4 
$6 
$3 
$4 
$6 
$3 
$4 
$6 
300 
1 $1.50 
$5.44 
$6.12 
$7.48 
$9.68 
$10. 89 
$13. 31 
$21. 78 
$24. 50 
$29. 94 
\ 2.00 
6.58 
7.26 
8.62 
11.70 
12.91 
15.33 
26.32 
29.04 
34.49 
500 
/ 1.50 
4.08 
4.76 
6.12 
7.26 
8.47 
10.89 
16.33 
19.05 
24.50 
\ 2.00 
4.76 
5.44 
6.80 
8.47 
9.68 
12.10 
19. 05 
21.78 
27.22 
600 
/ 1.50 
3.40 
4.42 
5.78 
6.05 
7.87 
10.29 
13.61 
17.69 
23.14 
\ 2.00 
4.30 
4.98 
6.34 
7.66 
8.87 
11.29 
17.23 
19.95 
25.40 
The tables bring out the fact that the spacing, more than any- 
other factor, influences the acre cost of planting. The spacing of 
4 by 4 feet requires so many trees per acre that, as a rule, its cost 
is prohibitive. The 6 by 6 plantation will vary in cost between $6 
and $13 per acre, although when all incidental expenses of planting 
are figured it may in some cases exceed $15. A spacing of 8 by 8 
feet is very desirable from the standpoint of cost, and on good soils 
with cool, moist exposure, the rapid growth of the trees may fully 
warrant it. In such cases the first thinning may be made later than 
with other spacings. While with the wide spacing the branches may 
grow a trifle larger, they will persist no more tenaciously than when 
the stand is denser. The- saving in the initial cost may be later 
expended to good advantage in pruning. Moreover, in a widely 
spaced plantation there is room for the development of desirable 
broadleaf trees between the pines. 
DIRECT SEEDING. 
Under average conditions artificial sowing is less likely to be suc- 
cessful than planting, and in a number of cases has resulted in com- 
plete failure. There are, of course, notable exceptions, such as the 
Shaker plantation in north central Connecticut, where a very dense 
forest resulted from the broadcast sowing of pine seed along with 
