26 BULLETIN 1032, U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 
results obtained was plainly shown by the preliminary experiments 
of 1918 previously referred to. In 1919, therefore, a comparison 
of the kinds of spreaders was made and in these tests glue. 1 pound 
to 200 gallons, and nicotine oleate at the strengths mentioned above 
were checked against fish-oil soap, 2 pounds to 50 gallons. As will 
be observed in Table 3, the use of glue gave the poorest control of 
the three groups of plats III and IV, XI and XII, and XIII and 
XIV. in all of which the strength of the nicotine was approximately 
the same; nicotine oleate was next; and fish-oil soap, 2 to 50, gave 
the best results. 
Observations made immediately after these spreaders were ap- 
plied showed that glue spread the solution fairly well over the old 
foliage, but failed to carry it into the small, new leaves at the tip ? 
the region of greatest activity of the young larvae: nicotine oleate 
spread very satisfactorily over both old and new foliage, but did not 
seem to go as far into the unfolding buds and leaves as did the solu- 
tion containing fish-oil soap, which, moreover, might be one reason 
for the superior control secured where fish-oil soap was used as a 
spreader. 
It was observed that fish-oil soap used at this strength would 
often carry the solution containing it into the very center of the 
group of small unfolding leaves at the tip of the upright and enable 
the solution to find its way into the loose web of any small larvae 
which might be working therein. 
" Phexol Compound No. 1." 
A proprietary compound used primarily as a disinfectant and 
containing a large amount of crude carbolic acid was tested against 
the fireworm. This material mixes in all proportions with water, 
making a milky white solution which gives off a strong, characteris- 
tic carbolic-acid odor. It was used at the rate of 1 part to 500 parts 
of water and sprayed directly into the tips of the vines, as on the other 
plats. As will be noted in Table 3. little or no control was secured. 
DEMONSTRATION SPRAYING EXPERIMENTS. 
The results of a series of demonstration spraying experiments, 
conducted on the bogs belonging to H. M. Williams & Sons, at 
Ilwaco Junction. Wash., in 1919, are presented in Table 4. The ma- 
terial found most effective in previous tests, namely, 40 per cent 
nicotine sulphate, 1 to 800, with soap 2 to 50, was used in all these 
experiments. 
