THE BLACKHEAD FIREWOKM OF CBANBEBBY. 
21 
cocoon in the lower row of specimens in figure 11. The specimens in 
the top row have been dissected from the loosely constructed cocoons 
and show the fungous disease growing on the pupae. 
While this disease certainly causes the death of a large number 
of pupae on bogs where it is prevalent, not too much reliance should 
be placed on it in the control of the fireworm, since the greatest part 
of the damage by the fireworm is done to the vines before the time 
when the fungous disease is growing rapidly. The weather also 
may or may not be favorable to its rapid growth, and hence its 
killing power and spread are likely to vary considerably from one 
season to another. 
Fig. 
11. — Fungous disease 
pupae in their cocoons 
pecies of Spicaria, growing from the blackhead flreworm 
Slightly enlarged. 
PREDACIOUS ENEMIES. 
Spiders. 
On the cranberry bogs of the Pacific coast spiders of various kinds 
are found in very large numbers and doubtless devour many fire- 
worm larvae and moths. 
Insects. 
A large number of " ladybugs " are also seen on cranberr}^ bogs, 
and their presence there sometimes causes alarm to a grower who is 
not familiar with their habits. One species, the California red 
ladybird beetle, 10 is very common, and both larvae and beetles can be 
seen actively walking over the tips of the cranberry uprights any 
10 Specimens determined by Mr. E. A. Schwarz, of the Bureau of Entomology, as 
Coccinella californica Mann. 
