54 BULLETIN 1034, U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 
Tables 30 and 31 are designed to permit comparisons as to organ- 
ization and management of groups of small, medium, and large- 
sized farms, getting poor, medium, and good yields, and to show the 
changes in farm organization that took place in the various groups 
between 1913 and 1918. While it is not expedient in this discussion 
to analyze these tables fully, they affect certain indications as to the 
factors of success or failure in this area, which have an important 
bearing in this connection and which will be discussed briefly. 
These tables show how wide is the range of possibilities for many 
of these farmers of increasing their earnings by following better 
business methods in the management of their farms. For 1913, of 
the farms with 100 acres or less of crops, 24 got 225 pounds or less 
of cotton per acre, while 37 got over 300 pounds to the acre. These 
37 farms with the higher yield of cotton also had higher yields of 
other crops, they devoted more attention to the production of second 
and interplanted crops, had more and better utilized labor, better 
work stock, more working capital, used more fertilizer and better 
seed, and as a result had an average farm income of $668 and a labor 
income of $284, while the group with the poor yields and practicing 
the less efficient methods had an average farm income of only $262 
and a labor income of only $7. The same comparisons may be drawn 
for the two groups of larger-sized farms, and the difference in results 
is even greater than for the group just cited, because the size of busi- 
ness gives a wider opportunity for success and greater risk of failure. 
The group of largest farms (over 250 acres of crops) with the highest 
yields made an average farm income of $6,585 and a labor income 
_ of $2,577, while the same-sized group with the lowest yields and 
weakest organization made a farm income of only $1,662 and no 
labor income, and lacked $491 per farm of paying for the use of 
capital at 7 per cent. 
In 1918 nearly all these farms profited by the higher prices, since 
for that year the price of the products for sale had made greater ad- 
vances than costs. A comparison between the returns for each group 
shown in Table 31 with those for the similar group in Table 30 will 
show a marked advance in earnings in 1918 over 1913, but that the 
difference in returns between well-managed farms and inefficiently 
managed farms was even more marked in 1918 than in 1913. Again, 
taking the farms with 100 acres or under in crops, we find that the 
farms with over 300 pounds of cotton per acre show an average farm 
income of $1,861 and a labor income of $1,101, while the same-sized 
group with the lowest yields (225 pounds or less) averaged in farm 
income only $726 and in labor income $321. The largest farms with 
the highest yields showed an average farm income of $12,636 and a 
labor income of $7,537, while the same-sized group with weak organ- 
