FARM MANAGEMENT IN SUMTER COUNTY, GA. 55 
ization and low production averaged in farm income but $7,224 and 
in labor income $2,417. 
SOME FACTORS THAT MAKE FOR BETTER FARM ORGANIZATION. 
What are some of the more marked changes that have been made in 
the organization of these farms over the five-year period from 1913 
to 1918? 
1. About one-third reduction in cotton acreage, and about one-third 
increase in the much smaller corn acreage, making the acreage of each 
crop about equal in 1918. 
2. An increase in the acreage of the small grains, this increase being 
almost entirely in wheat. This crop was produced on only an occa- 
sional farm in 1913, but on about two-thirds of the farms in 1918. 
On about 30 per cent of the farms in 1918 more wheat was grown 
than was required for family use, thus increasing the farm receipts 
by the value of the surplus. 
3. An increase in the acreage of peanuts; many of which were grown 
for market in 1918, thus increasing the percentage of receipts from 
peanuts from one-tenth of 1 per cent in 1913 to 4 per cent in 1918. 
4. The introduction of the velvet bean as a feed crop interplanted 
with corn. 
5. Utilization of greater percentages of the crop land for second 
and interplanted crops, practically all of which were leguminous 
crops. 
6. The growing of more feed crops, thus reducing the expense for 
purchased feeds. 
7. Increase in the production of live stock, more particularly of 
hogs, thus reducing the expense for rations bought for wage hands 
and increasing the receipts from the sale of hogs. 
8. Reduced application of fertilizer on cotton as well as other crops. 
Were yields on small farms higher than on large farms? 
The data show no great difference in yield of lint cotton per acre 
for small, medium, or large farms, being slightly in favor of the 
small farms in 1913 and of the large farms in 1918. Somewhat better 
corn yields were obtained on the larger farms each year. The wide 
variation of yields upon individual farms within each size group is 
a factor that has a vital bearing on farm earnings. In 1913 24 per cent 
of the small-sized farms (farms with 100 tilled acres or under) had 
yields of 225 pounds or less of lint cotton per acre, and 37 per cent of 
these small-sized farms had yields of over 300 pounds. Of the group 
of large-sized farms (farms of over 250 tilled acres) 37 per cent had 
yields of 225 pounds or less of lint cotton per acre, and another 37 
per cent of these large-sized farms had yields of over 300 pounds. 
In 1918 58 per cent of the small-sized farms fell in the low-yield 
