FARM MANAGEMENT IN SUMTER COUNTY, GA. 31 
farming in 1918 to have more capital tied up in a given sized business 
than would have been necessary in 1913. Similarly, the tenant with 
a given amount of capital could not operate as much land in 1918 as 
in 1913. 
FARM EARNINGS. 
The farm earnings for this area have been computed as follows: 
1. Farm income.—The combined earnings for the farm capital and for the 
farmer’s labor and management, found by deducting the farm expenses from the 
farm receipts. 
2. Labor income.—The earnings of the farmer’s labor and management after 
allowing a fair rate of interest for the use of the farm capital.- The labor in- 
come for this area is found by deducting from the farm income 7 per cent inter- 
est on the capital. 
3. Per cent return on capital.—The earnings for the farm capital after allow- 
ing for the farmer’s labor and management. This is found by deducting the 
value of the farmer’s labor and management from the farm income, and express- 
ing the remainder as a per cent of the capital. 
TABLE 11.—Relation of size of farm to capital, Sumter County, Ga. 
White owners. Colored tenants. 
Average num- Average num- 
: Number of F Number of F 
Operator’s capital. ber of tilled ber of tilled 
farms. acres. farms. acres. 
1913 1918 1913 1918 1913 1918 1913 1918 
JO) OPIS 6 b655 scab bce sebabocse secdallecodéods lsScseudulbsesoessl bos sagnk 131 33 44 38 
SOO SIO00se tee essa. SP hE LEE | 39 52 79 51 
CULOOILTOCVAHW0 Ss ose se nceecceuraeaccosas | 30 17 38 31 14 66 124 91 
S2OOMG ODS: COD SSIS RE is reins oaths 2 11 214 131 
SS 00M GOSS O00 Sep eee Sei at | 37 28 69 O80 ae eee AR eer 181 
S500ET 0 $9000 Feast EEE | 48 48 103 Sees ar ecrichrr| bon escesl>opsasse 
$9001 TO G14 000 See sess sie ene ok 59 37 154 Qi exe ston sl byte ets Saver eta ets | erate 
SLA OOM OG25 OU0RE Rat ees ayes ee 41 63 222 SMe Sa ae 5 Sal aeee sade onneassslsocessa 
S25 OOMWLO SSN 000. ce en le. 37 47 460 il hl aia Otc (oP wie rl ade Soli 
$50,001 to $100,000.............------- 13 26 837 B35 ile. ze eee eas RE ON eee 
On GecilO0 (000 sacssscecou sos ncsscees 3 NEN QAO): eM ays Wee a Soe |lgdcoece 5|boaosaeallaaoaasar 
4. Family income—The combined earnings of the farmer and of his family. 
This is found by deducting the farm expenses (excluding value of family labor) 
from the farm receipts. The family income represents the resources available to 
the farm family at the end of the year for living expenses, interest on indebted- 
ness, and savings, in addition to house rent, food products, and fuel furnished 
by the farm. 
5. Fanvily living from the farm.—The value of food products, fuel, and house 
rent furnished directly by the.farm toward the family living. This form of 
income is in addition to farm income, family income, and labor income. 
Table 12 shows the average farm earnings of the farms in question 
for 1913 and 1918. The white farmers, operating larger farms and 
practicing the better methods of management, made the higher earn- 
ings, both per farm and per acre. The returns in 1918 were much 
higher than in 1918, owing primarily to higher prices of farm prod- 
ucts. Expenses did not increase so rapidly as receipts. However, 
the decreased purchasing power of the dollar in 1918 as com- 
pared with 1913 made the increase in farm earnings for 1918 more 
apparent than real. Also, considering the cost of labor and fer- 
