2 BULLETIN 856, U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 
ringing. Hence, the entire vine is affected by one ringing of the 
trunk, but when either arms or canes are chosen all of them must be 
ringed, in order that the entire vine may be affected. 
= the experiments conducted at the Fresno Experiment Vine- 
yard, 12-year-old ringed Panariti grafts on 10 different resistant 
stocks trained to stakes (vines 8 by 8 feet apart, or 680 to the acre) 
during 1917 and 1918 gave average annual yields per acre ranging 
from Shoat 5.8 tons (Pl. IV, fig. 1) on the poorest stock to 10. 35 
tons on the best stock: the average on all the stocks being nearly 74 
tons. The check vines with like treatment and care averaged only 
23 tons to the acre (Pl. IV, fig. 2). Ringed 5-year-old Panariti 
grafts on 18 different resistant stocks, with trellis training (vines 
8 by 8 feet apart, or 680 to the acre) during 1917 and 1918 averaged 
annually over 5 tons to the acre, while the check vines averaged only 
1.9 tons to the acre." 
CONGENIALITY OF THE PANARITI VARIETY TO PHYLLOXERA- 
RESISTANT STOCKS. 
In the belief that an important new grape industry can be de- 
veloped from the dried fruit of the Panariti grape, and that it is 
destined to play an important roie in Vinifera viticulture, this 
variety was one of those selected for extensive tests of the con- 
geniality of Vinifera grape varieties to the important phylloxera- 
resistant stocks at the Fresno Experiment Vineyard in California. 
In a 10-year test of the Panariti variety grown on various resist- 
ant stocks, a sufficient number of varieties of these stocks have been 
found from which to select those which are adapted to any of the 
types of grape soil, as well as to other conditions which are congenial 
to the currant-grape varieties and on which they show a tendency to 
good fruiting. 
The data given in Table III show the relative behavior of Panariti 
vines growing on 10 different phylloxera-resistant stocks in the 
Fresno Experiment Vineyard. Ten vines each of the Panariti grape 
grafted on the Lenoir, Rupestris St. George, Riparia Gloire, Salt 
Creek, and Dog Ridge were included in the tests. Of each group of 
10 vines, 2 were check vines, 4 were vines with canes ringed, and 
4 were vines with trunks ringed. Five vines each of Panariti 
variety grafted on the Adobe Giant, Aramon X Rupestris Ganzin 
No. 1, Mourvedre X Rupestris No. 1202, Riparia X Rupestris No. 
3309, and Solonis X Riparia No. 1616 were also included in the tests. 
Of each group of five vines, one was a check vine, two were vines 
*For further information on the adaptability of resistant stocks to soils and other 
conditions see Bureau of Plant Industry Bulletin 172, entilted “Grape Investigations in 
the Vinifera Regions of the United States with Reference to Resistant Stocks, Direct 
Producers, and Viniferas,’” and Department of Agriculture Bulletin 209, entitled “ Test- 
ing Grape Varieties in the Vinifera Regions of the United States.” 
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