WATER SUPPLY, PLUMBING, ETC., FOR COUNTRY HOMES. 13 
distant surface sources. Spring supplies should be frequently exam- 
ined for pollution of any kind, and the water should be boiled before 
drinking, if possible, although this is not absolutely necessary in all 
cases. 
PUMPING, STORAGE, AND DISTRIBUTION OF WATER. 
After a pure water supply is made available the first things to be 
considered are the quantity of water needed, choice of pumping 
equipment, and means of storage and distribution. 
QUANTITY OF WATER XEEDED. 
The quantity of water needed depends on the power used and 
whether the service is for the entire farm or for the house only. 
Hand-operated systems are applicable where small quantities are 
required for house service only, but in case water is wanted for stock 
also the use of a windmill, engine, electric motor, or hydraulic ram 
is necessary. If a windmill is used the storage should be large enough 
for at least three days' supply, to provide water in case of calm 
weather. Where the other sources of power are used the storage 
capacity need not exceed one day's supply. The following table gives 
approximate quantities of water required per day: 
Approximate quantities of water required per day. 
Gallons. 
Each member of the family for all purposes will require 25— ±0 
Each cow will require 12 
Each horse will require 10 
Each hog will require 2 J 
Each sheep will require 2 
The water consumption will vary from day to day and with the 
seasons. Fire protection should also be considered, and in determin- 
ing the size of tank the maximum amount likely to be required should 
be provided. 
For a family of 6 persons a 200-gallon supply should be sufficient 
if the water is used in the house only. On a farm where water is sup- 
plied to a family of 6 persons, 10 horses, 12 cows, 25 hogs, and 15 
sheep, the daily storage supply should be at least 500 gallons, with 
whatever additional amount, if any, the farmer deems necessary 
for fire protection. 
There are three general systems of storage and distribution which 
may be readily applied to farm conditions, viz, the gravity, pneu- 
matic, and autonneumatic svstems. 
