WATER SUPPLY, PLUMBING, ETC., FOR COUNTRY HOMES. 25 
supply; inside diameter and total depth of the well; the distance 
from the ground surface to the water level in the well; the flow of the 
well; the number of gallons to be pumped per hour; the relative 
positions of the water supply and the point to which the water is to be 
forced; the position in which the pump is to be placed; one's pref- 
erence as to pneumatic tank, elevated tank, or autopneumatic sys- 
tem; the kind of power to be used, and whether or not power is 
already available, such as electric motors, windmills, or gasoline 
engines, with a com- 
plete description of the 
power, its revolutions 
per minute, voltage, 
cycles, phase, direct 
or alternating cur- 
rent, etc. 
Where a supply of 
pure water may be 
obtained hi the imme- 
diate neighborhood, 
which is so situated 
that a considerable 
fall may be obtained 
within a reasonable 
distance, a hydraulic 
ram may be used for 
pumping. 
THE HYDRAULIC RA51 — 
HINTS ON INSTALLATION 
AND OPERATION. 
The hydraulic ram 
is a simple though 
wasteful machine, 
which utilizes the mo- 
mentum of a stream of 
water falling a small 
height to elevate a 
portion of that water to a greater height. A complete installation 
consists of a drive pipe, ram, and delivery pipe, and the ram itself 
consists of an air chamber, dash valve, delivery valve, and body pipe. 
The hydraulic ram is usually used to elevate water from a pure 
spring. Water may be elevated from streams to stock tanks, but 
this water should not be used for household purposes. The flow of 
the spring should not be less than one-half gallon per minute. It 
is necessary that there be considerable difference in elevation between 
Fig. 21. — Two types of windmill force pump: A, For shallow wells; 
B, for deep wells. 
