26 
BULLETIN" 57, IT. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 
the level of the supply and a convenient location for the ram within a 
reasonable distance. Figure 22 shows a cross section of a simple type 
of hydraulic ram. Figure 23 shows the usual relative positions of 
spring, ram, and storage tank. 
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Fig. 22. — Cross section of simple type of hydraulic ram. 
The operation of a ram may be briefly explained as follows: The 
water flowing down the drive pipe acquires a certain energy due to its 
weight and velocity and upon entering the body pipe of the ram strikes 
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Pig. 23. — Hydraulic ram pumping to a pneumatic tank supply system, showing usual relative position 
of spring, ram, and storage tank. 
the open dash valve with considerable force, which is sufficient to 
close it. The result is that the water piles up and exerts an interior 
pressure, which causes the delivery valve to open, admitting water 
