WATER SUPPLY, PLUMBING, ETC., FOR COUNTRY HOMES. 43 
SINGLE-CHAMBER TANK SYSTEMS. 
Single-chamber septic-tank systems may be made to give fair 
satisfaction if properly designed and operated. In such a system 
the sewage is received, settled, partially purified, and discharged 
by one chamber. 
There is necessarily considerable disturbance of the sewage in the 
tank, and, in addition, the discharge is continuous. This makes 
necessary two disposal systems, with a diverting gate to allow an 
occasional breathing spell for each system. If such an arrange- 
ment is not used the disposal system must be of much larger capac- 
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Fig. 35.— Sand filter for eight people. 
ity than for the double-chamber tank system, in order to prevent 
the continuous discharge from waterlogging the system. 
If a single-chamber tank is used it should be designed and con- 
structed on the same basis as the settling chamber of a double- 
chamber tank, with the elbows at inlet and outlet and baffle boards 
before these openings to break up the current. 
Figure 36 shows a single-chamber tank for a family of six. This 
tank has a continuous discharge, and it is necessary to use a switch 
or diverting gate, as shown in figure 37, so that the liquid sewage 
may be intermittently diverted from one part of the disposal sys- 
tem to another. 
