6 BULLETIN 811, U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 
Forwarded. By this method the danger of failing to post to the 
proper commission account the returns on any car will be obviated. 
OTHER GRAIN RECORDS. 
A Record of Hedges (Form No. 5, p. 50) is essential to the proper 
hedging of grain and should be kept up to date. On this form col- 
umns have been provided in which to record all of the necessary 
information of hedging transactions. When a purchase or sale of 
more than 1,000 bushels is recorded, a sufficient number of lines 
should be left blank to provide space on the opposite side for its can- 
cellation in 1,000 bushel lots. The columns headed P. & S. accounts 
indicate purchase and sales accounts. All profits on hedges should be 
entered in the Credit column and losses in the Debit column, and both 
will be carried individually to the Cash Journal to the debit or credit, 
as the case may be, of the commission account represented and to 
the grain account to which it applies. When the entry is made in 
the Cash Journal, the number of the page on which it is recorded 
will be entered under Folio in the Record of Hedges. A separate 
page will be assigned in this record to each kind of grain hedged. 
Record of Sales to Arrive. — A considerable number of elevators 
selling grain "to arrive" have no form on which to record such trans- 
actions. Form No. 6, (p. 51) is a record of sales made and terms 
of sale. The record of each sale will require one line on the left hand 
side of this form, though a sufficient number of lines will be left blank 
following each entry to allow the recording on the right-hand side of 
the cars shipped to fill the contract. This form is purely a memo- 
randum form, but is important in keeping account of sales to arrive 
and deliveries made on such contracts. A separate page will be 
assigned to each kind of grain sold to arrive. 
CASH JOURNAL AND PURCHASE AND SALES RECORD. 
GENERAL CONSIDERATIONS. 
Entries for all other transactions not properly falling into any of 
the classes previously discussed will be made in the Cash Journal 
and Purchase and Sales Record (Form No. 1, p. 48), which will here- 
after be called the Cash Journal. 
The transactions properly to be entered in the Cash Journal may 
be classified as those with (1) merchandise purchases and sales, (2) 
local personal accounts, (3) cash receipts and disbursements, and (4) 
sundry or general items. Before discussing these topics attention is 
called to some of the fundamental considerations involved in the plan 
of the Cash Journal. 
It has been the usual practice to provide elevator systems with a 
cashbook, journal, and daybook under separate forms. In the 
system here described these books, together with a record of mer- 
