INHERITANCE OF WAXY ENDOSPERM IN MAIZE. 7 
25 per cent, though seemingly small, is nevertheless 8.8 times the 
probable error and could be expected to occur as the result of chance 
only once in over a billion times. The percentage of the individual 
ears ranged from 16 to 82.. 
TABLE II.—Probability of occurrence of statistical deviations of different mag- 
nitudes relative to the probable error.’ 
Odds against Odds against Odds against 
we oeeurrente ie occurence ihe cocurtence 
Deviation of a deviation Demation of a deviation Deviation of a deviation 
(probable error). pa Bret than || (probable error). or great than || (Probable error). pee ian 
the designated the designated the designated 
one. one. one. 
Obese ses ceseee 1.00 to 1. DeSy eevhert teeter vira 9.89 tol Gi () petermiien sep ee start mtn 142.26 to 1. 
UN Ua 2 Ae Ua ees Sie 1.18 to 1. VNC GARD eee rete Aiea A 11.58 to 1 7 ERIE eA Rl ats ated 174.75 to 1. 
lft 2, See an hee Ce 1.39 tol QUST A Sag Sy AN 13.58 to 1 rT Mecee ee ay ANY ai 215.92 to 1. 
I Seb SSR SrENeS eee 1.63 to 1 DIAS TS) Gg RAMS ae ASE 15.95 tol PAN Se sea ra es ey au BO 267.10 to 1. 
U6 hse aan See 1.90 tol PAS Vina) Te anny Wy A) 18.80 to 1 AAR CAN inet eS Sa Mage 332,33 to 1. 
5 ARES ees eae 2.21 tol BY (Oa ee ee a 22.26 to 1 AB re & Shl hd Babe. 415.67 to 1. 
118 Ria ee rae A 2.57 to 1 SHU UI eae aiid 26.40 to 1 Pe oye sieges, aa Al is HE 519.83 to 1. 
1-7/5 § RR Oa SOR 2.98 to 1 em, lease a au uit 31.36 to 1. aN Ap Ae fo ON 656.89 to 1. 
LADS aoe ee ae ae 3.45 to 1 Bee eslscésobousenl pee @ imoyal, ALR Sa sagen SNe 825.45 to 1. 
HISD A6 Sera eee eS 4.00 to 1 Ca SSC A eae 44.87 tol. Au see) Oi eine caida laps 1051.63 to 1. 
2.0/4 SO edie | ates 4,64 to 1 Bs ili ee 53.95 tol BQ it ase vare mat led en 1350.35 to 1. 
PAILS ae eae A RS 5.38 to 1 Sh es ey eS et eat ed 64.79 tol CoH OR A ous cy de 19,230 to 1. 
PP ess 5 ean wean mee Bea 6.26 to 1 587 ee CR eta Loa ne 78.37 tol Oeste aes ote 434,782 to 1. 
AAS. Spee Ek Rea ae 7.28 to 1. SPSS RS EE 95.15 to 1. SO a Rue ae Over a billion. 
AEN SR Ar, Sa Hes 8.48 to 1. BIO Beker aes i) 116.23 to 1. 
1 Copied without recalculation from Pearl and Miner (12). 
One ear deviated below the expected by 6.1.times the probable 
error, but with 96 individuals the odds against a deviation of this 
magnitude would be about 190 to 1. 
A similar shortage of waxy seeds has been observed throughout 
the experiments with this character. 
In a previous publication (7) 45 ears were reported, representing 
many different crosses and having 22,339 seeds with 23.1 per cent 
waxy, the deviation from the expected 25 per cent being 9.24 times 
the probable error. Adding this. group to the results obtained from 
the second generation of the two hybrids Dh 234 and Dh 237, there 
is a total of 77,098 seeds, 18,267 of which are waxy, while the ex- 
pected is 19,274 waxy seeds, a shortage of 1,007+81 seeds, a devia- 
tion of 12.4 times the probable error. A deviation of this magnitude 
would be expected to occur as the result of chance only once in well 
over a billion times. 
The approximation of the observed percentage of waxy seeds to 
the theoretical 25 per cent is very close for the individual ears of 
the hybrids Dh 234 and Dh 237, only two of the ears deviating by 
larger amounts than could be reasonably ascribed to chance, and of 
these one was below and the other above the expected percentage. 
The large number of individuals involved has made it possible to 
accurately measure small differences which ordinarily would escape 
