ZYGADENUS, OR DEATH CAMAS. 
31 
Table II. — Nonfatal cases of poisoning of sheep by Zygadenus venenosus at Grey cliff, 
Mont., in 1912, 1913, and 1914— Continued. 
Feeding experiments. 
Number 
of cases. 
Quantity used per 100 pounds of 
animal. 
Maximum. Minimum, 
Average. 
Season of 1914: 
Forced feeding of leaves 
Forced feeding of leaves and some young buds 
Fed on leaves, some young buds, and a few flowers.. , 
Forced feeding of leaves, stems, flowers, and buds — 
Material collected near the station 
Cabin Corral collections 
Fed on leaves, stems, flowers, and buds 
Forced feeding of leaves, stems, and flowers (Cabin 
Corral collections) 
Forced feeding of leaves, stems, flowers, and young 
fruit 
Forced feeding of very young seed heads 
Forced feeding of seed heads, some fully developed 
and others half developed 
Forced feeding of half-developed seed heads (Cabin 
Corral collections) 
Forced feeding of nearly developed seed heads 
Forced feeding of fully developed seed heads 
Forced feeding of ripening seed heads 
Forced feeding of pods with seeds removed 
Forced feeding of seeds 
Pounds. 
0.662 
.499 
Pounds. 
0.661 
.550 
.622 
1.983 
.495 
1.436 
2.756 
.992 
.992 
.757 
1.754 
1.323 
.994 
.741 
1.543 
.881 
.440 
.740 
197 
110 
Pounds. 
0.6615 
.5245 
1.643 
.5495 
1.789 
1.912 
1.712 
.851 
1.543 
1.432 
1.69 
1.175 
.859 
.7415 
.540 
.153 
Table III summarizes the fatal cases in the three seasons. 
Table III. — Fatal cases of poisoning of sheep by Zygadenus venenosus at Grey cliff, 
Mont., 1912, 1913, and 1914. 
Feeding experiments. 
Number 
of cases. 
Quantity used per 100 pounds of 
animal. 
Maximum. 
Minimum. 
Average. 
Season of 1912: 
3 
1 
4 
1 
1 
2 
3 
Pounds. 
0.853 
Pounds. 
0.299 
Pounds. 
0.571 
Season of 1913: 
1.397 
.746 
.384 
.537 
.550 
Season of 1914: 
Forced feeding of leaves, stems, and flowers 
.544 
Forced feeding of fully developed seed heads 
.991 
.220 
.882 
.199 
.936 
Forced feeding of seeds 
.213 
As these feedings were carried on during the season as long as the 
plants could be obtained and as it was practically impossible to have 
any considerable number of cases at one time, it is evident that the 
number of cases under any given set of conditions must have been 
small. As a matter of fact, none of the cases of 1912 were strictly 
comparable with those of 1913. Consequently, the actual averages 
of dosage were based on a comparatively small number of cases. 
In 1914, there was a much larger number of cases, and some stages 
of the plant were fed upon which no experiments were made in the 
preceding years. Even in this year, however, there were only a few 
cases in which the experiments were under identical conditions. 
