TESTS OF BAELEY VARIETIES IK AMERICA 
11 
the cultivation will be expanded both east and south, but northwestern 
Kansas, as is shown in this figure, will probably remain the center of 
production. By 1909 the acreage of barley on either side of the Ked 
Eiver had been enormously expanded. North Dakota, South 
Dakota, Minnesota, and Wisconsin were producing a large proportion 
of the total crop of the United States. The acreages around Cin- 
cinnati and St. Louis had long since disappeared. 
After 1909 the acreage in southeastern Minnesota gradually 
decreased. This area was one of very high fertility, and only the 
profits of barley production prevented its development for diversified 
farming at an earlier date. As general farming increased in south- 
eastern Minnesota, the acreage of barley grown as a cash crop de- 
creased. Tins movement was already beginning, in advance of the 
decrease of the demand from malt houses which came v/ith the increase 
of statutory proliibition. The crop of 1919 (fig. 8) was not a normal 
BUS-. 
Conr. ii.a3?.2B} 
Mmn 1^,8^9.069 
S Dolt- ii.ei5.76a 
Wis 11.131.661 
N Dok. li.0Si.B6l 
Kans. 6.324.783 
Mich 
Nebr. 
Pig. 8.— The production of barley in 1919 was abnormally distributed. The great increase in 
the spring-wheat acreage in the Dakotas, coupled with a low acre yield of barley, resulted 
in a lower production in these States in 1919 than in the years before or since. The de- 
crease in southeastern Tvlinnesota in 1919 was caused chiefly by the gradual drift away 
from barley as a money crop, a process which had been going on since 1910. The most 
remarkable development of production was in the central Great Plains area, especially 
Kansas. This probably is part of a permanent modification of the agricultural practice of 
the section 
one as far as barley production was concerned. The war prices of 
wheat and the campaign to increase its acreage had resulted in a 
considerable expansion in the area sown to spring wheat in that year. 
The greatest increase in this crop came in the barley-producing sec- 
tions of North Dakota, South Dakota, and Minnesota. The great 
difference which is apparent in the production of these two years, as 
shown in Figures 7 and 8, was not due entirely to the reduced acreage 
of barley. The acre yield of barley in the northern Mississippi 
Valley in 1919 was low, so that the production was reduced relatively 
much more than the acreage. The smaller production in south- 
eastern Minnesota, on the other hand, was due in large part to the 
advent of divei-sified farming in that area, which had replaced the 
grain farming commonly practiced until about 1909. 
The most interesting change of acreage shown in the 1919 map is 
in Nebraska, Kansas, and Oldahoma. A center of heavy productioii 
