NORTHERN GREAT PLAINS FIELD STATION IN 1923 
tions required 8,919 Black Hills spruces and 305 jack pines. In 
replacements in the 1922 plantings 4,882 hardwoods and 3,350 
conifers were used, making a total of 159,922 trees shipped to cooper- 
ating farmers. Since 1916 the following numbers of trees of all 
species have been used in the demonstration plantings in the States 
specified: Montana, 1,105,546; North Dakota, 463,212; South 
Dakota, 259,730; Wyoming, 97,457; total, 1,925,945. 
A card on which to list the number of trees of each kind that died 
during the summer was sent in August to each cooperator. The 
percentage of living trees of each species of hardwood, as calculated 
from the reports received, is given in Table 4. 
Table 4. — Average percentage of stajid of each kind of hardwood tree obtained by 
cooperator s in 1923 
Kind of tree 
Stand 
Kind of tree 
Stand 
Northwest poplar 
Per cent 
93.2 
92.3 
94.5 
82.8 
54.7 
Chokecherry 
Per cent 
83.6 
Boxelder 
Chinese elm 
79.0 
Green ash .. .... .. 
Wild plum.. . . 
72.9 
A.\\ species, weighted average 
Russian-ohve 
86. 2 
The percentages of stand for northwest poplar, boxelder, and 
green ash can be considered as fairly representative of what may be 
expected from good stock. The size and condition of the stock 
available for the other species doubtless had much to do with their 
comparatively poor showing. The Russian-olive developed con- 
siderable mold m winter storage, and the Siberian pea-tree and the 
wild plum were of smaller size than should ordinarily be used for this 
type of work. The reports for the conifer plantings showed stands 
of 63.9 per cent for Black Hills spruce and 20.5 per cent for jack pine. 
The Black Hills spruce was very good stock raised as transplants in 
the station nursery, while the jack pines were seedlings grown in 
northern Minnesota. The difference in stock probably accounts 
in part for the different showing. The experience thus far with 
conifers emphasizes the need of special care in obtaining thrifty 
stock and of using every precaution in shipping and planting to 
insure against injury from drying out. 
Table 5. — Average height in 1923 of willow, boxelder, green ash, and Siberian pea- 
tree planted in Montana, North Dakota, and South Dakota in 1919 
State 
Average height of each species (feet) 
Willow 
Boxelder 
i 
Ash 
Siberian 
pea-tree 
Montana 
5.5 
6.2 
6.3 
;:! 
5.1 
5.2 
5.2 
5.2 
North Dakota 
South Dakota... 
Average 
6.0 
7. 7 ' 
5.2 
5.2 
Nearly all the plantings set out in 1919 were inspected in 1923, 
and measurements were taken to determine the average height of 
each species. These heights determined by measurements made 
