10 BULLETIN 295, U. S. DEPARTMENT OP AGRICULTURE. 
REMEDY. 
There is probably no other seriously injurious insect which can be 
ehminated with less expense and trouble than the Zimmerman pine 
moth, because practically everywhere, wherever its existence is caus- 
ing real damage, the country is readily accessible, being either 
already logged over or adjacent to settled farming land. 
In slashings the remedy consists in logging, thus removing the 
mature trees as soon as the area is reseeded, and many other wood lot, 
where it shows its presence in the second growth,' in merely using all 
"spike-topped," lightning-struck, and heavily branched mature trees 
for firewood or domestic purposes. These are the " brood trees" in 
the great majority of cases, and their disposal ends the trouble in 
the growing trees. The larva in these three types is found at the base 
of the spike, along the scar caused by the bolt, and in the knobby 
growths on the branches which are the result of primary injury by 
Pinipestis cambiicola (in the West) and probably other insects. The 
affected parts should be destroyed, the simplest way being to burn them 
before the arrival of spring. The judicious choosing of the right trees 
for firewood for home consumption alone would prevent on many farms 
further damage by this insect to 'the growing trees. In one wood lot 
east of Missoula, Mont., covering about 40 acres of a quarter-section 
farm, 25 per cent of the second growth had been infested annually 
for several seasons, and the cutting of only three oyermature trees 
during 1913-14 for firewood ended the damage absolutely. One of 
them was a still infested spike-top and two were full of knobby 
branches, also infested. There are still about 80 overmature trees 
standing on that farm, but the three cut were evidently, as supposed 
before the cutting, the only " brood trees," and, as the woodpeckers had 
taken care of the infestation in second-growth trees, the elimination 
'of the moth at that place was a natural result of the disposal of 
these trees. (Pis. X and XL) 
In a locality about 5 miles north of Missoula, Mont., where at 
least 3,000 second-growth trees are infested and reinfested annually, 
the writer is positive that the cutting of not more than 24 over- 
mature " brood trees" in a stand of about 1,000 of the same age as 
these would effectively end the continuous depreciation. In other 
localities not so thoroughly examined, the proportion of work 
necessary to end the trouble appears to average about the same. 
Even in southeastern Montana, though the moth is not subject there 
either to woodpeckers or parasites, the insect damage could be 
greatly reduced, if not eliminated, by disposing of the " brood trees" 
by merely selecting them for fuel. 
