BULLETIN 
Contribution from the Forest Service, Henry S. Graves, Forester. 
May 29, 1914. 
SUITABILITY OF LONGLEAF PINE FOR PAPER PULP. 
By Henry E. Surface, Chemical Engineer in Forest Products, and Robert E. Cooper, 
Chemist in Forest Products. 
SOUTHERN PINES FOR KRAFT PULP. 
The southern pines have not, until within the last few years, been 
considered suitable for paper pulp. Their resinous nature is the 
chief drawback in most processes of paper making. The recent 
development in Europe, especially in Sweden and Norway, of the 
sulphate process, however, and the superior quality of the product 
made from resinous woods has turned attention to longleaf and 
other southern pines as a possible source of pulp in this country. 
These pines have long, thick-walled fibers, and also high specific 
gravities, implying large yields per cord, and therefore seem particu- 
larly adapted for the manufacture, at low cost, of strong wrapping 
papers. The waste wood from the lumber industry in the South sug- 
gests a source of cheap raw material. 
While the sulphate process can be used in the manufacture of 
bleaching pulps, its principal product is an undercooked, nonbleach- 
ing, brown pulp known as "kraft" pulp, the term, a German one, 
signifying strength. True to its name, this pulp produces a remark- 
ably strong paper, very resistant to wear. 
Kraft papers, which may be made by the soda as well as by the 
sulphate process, are especially adapted for wrapping purposes. 
Wrapping papers stand third among the paper products of the United 
States, being exceeded in amount and value only by news and book 
papers. In 1909 the production of wrapping papers of all kinds 
aggregated 764,000 short tons, with a value of $42,296,000.* The 
value of wrapping papers imported in 1912 was $846, 500. 2 Complete 
i Tariff Board Report, Pulp and News Print Paper Industry, 1911, p. 21. Senate Doc. 31, 62d Cong., 
1st sess. 
2 Bureau of Foreign and Domestic Commerce, Monthly Summary of Commerce and Finance for Decem- 
ber, 1912, p. 744. 
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