- 
EFFECT OF KILN DRYING, ETC., ON FUNGI IN WOOD. L5 
sumably to decay activity. The records taken on April 25, 1922, 
show an additional genus and two additional species over those taken 
on June 11, 1921. 
As an additional control, a closed pile was constructed in the yard 
on July 28, 1920. This was made of the infected planks removed 
from the kiln (run 2) which showed by culturing that the fungi in 
the wood had been killed. This pile was subject to the same environ- 
ment as the other two piles in the yard. No sporophores developed 
upon these planks. 
REVIVAL OF FUNGI IN WOOD AFTER AIR DRYING. 
Green infected lumber piled for air seasoning or for storage con- 
tains the live organisms which cause rot and sap-stain. These or- 
g@anisms can remain inactive in wood during periods when the lumber 
is kept dry, but can revive and con- 
tinue their development and there- 
fore extend the decay or stain in 
the presence of favorable moisture 
and temperature conditions. The 
approximate length of time during 
which wood-destroying and _ sap- 
stain organisms can remain alive in 
wood under continued air-dry con- 
ditions has been determined for KA 
certain fungi by. means of the Q 
method here outlined. 
Blocks of wood infected with 
known fungi were stored on shelves Fie. 2,An old fungous thread (hypha) 
: of the blue-stain fungus which has 
in the dry alr of the laboratory, in revived oe brodneed ene new grow- 
= ae 2 ing branches. e hyphe in the wood 
which the temper ature range was Gente EEOUUS) een ai ao oe 
between 64° and 74° F. Cultures Beaman for pone Gime pee mame 
° . en. ecient moisture was § “dd. 
were made at intervals, usually six Yniarsed about 800 times. 
months apart, using fragments of 
the infected wood. Positive cultures indicated the revival of the 
fungus in each case. In order to determine whether the new growth 
developing from the infected fragment grew from the old hyphe in 
the wood and not from spores, either secondary or primary, or from 
young hyphe of a possible recent infection of the wood, cover-glass 
cultures were made. Thin sections of the infected wood were cut, 
washed in distilled water, and under sterile conditions placed under 
a cover glass on a thin layer of malt agar on a glass side. Here the 
erowths of the hyphe were observed under the microscope. In all 
eases the new growth was traced to the “sprouting” of the old 
hyphe in the wood (fig. 2). This was observed for the following 
fungi: Zrametes carnea, T. pint, Polyporus anceps, Trametes serialis, 
Fomes pinicola, and Ceratostomella sp. 
The results given in Table 2 show the cultures completed up to 
January, 1923. 
The blue-stain fungus in one case was estimated to have remained 
more or less dormant. for a, period of seven years. TZ’ rametes serialis 
(2?) in a Douglas fir timber was found to revive after use of the 
