66 BULLETIN 1061, IT. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE 
position to begin building up forests for a sustained yield of tur- 
pentine and lumber. Such action, if taken, would probably be 
primarily to show how the thing may be done. It is believed that 
at the present rate of development private enterprise in the South 
will soon take a serious interest in managing forests of longleaf and 
slash pines for continuous production (PL XXII). Gradually the 
small owner will adopt the system, making such changes as may 
seem desirable to meet the conditions of private ownership. 
While it is growing a crop of longleaf or of slash pine for tur- 
pentine and timber, much of the land can be grazed without detri- 
ment to the growth of the timber. This means of securing a doubJe 
scource of income is open alike to the small farmer and to the large 
There are millions of acres of lands in the South- 
ern States which will become valuable to the owner 
and the State only by the growing of pine timber. 
The protection and reforestation of these lands mean 
permanent industries, permanent homes, good roads, 
and good schools. 
land company. If the farmer's principal business happens to be 
the growing of crops, cattle and trees make a good combination for 
additional profit. 
The best utilization of southern cut-over pine lands and the method 
of bringing it about constitute a problem affecting the interests of 
owners of farms, large landholders, the State, and the Xation. The 
present state of waste and idleness of these lands places a financial 
burden upon the owners, and, through the decrease in taxable values, 
upon the State and Xation. 
It appears practically certain that, however large the demand may 
be for farming and grazing lands, vast areas of the poorer classes 
of land will remain idle during the next half century or more unless 
they are devoted to timber growing. 
