LONGLEAF PINE 
27 
Table 12. — Computed production of gum, turpentine, and rosin from well- 
stocked second-growth longleaf pine stands, of various ages (virgin, or first 
year's working). 1 
Age of 
stand 
Production per crop 
Produc- 
tion 
of gum 
per cup 
Production per acre 
Gum 
Turpen- 
tine 2 
Rosin 2 
Gum 
Turpen- 
tine 2 
Rosin 2 
Years 
20 
30 
40 
50 
Pounds 
37, 000 
53, 000 
68, 000 
74, 000 
Barrels 
(50 gals.) 
18.5 
26.5 
34.0 
37.0 
Barrels 
(500 lbs.) 
61 
88 
113 
123 
Pounds 
3.7 
5.3 
6.8 
7.4 
Pounds 
186 
1,122 
2,190 
2,760 
Gallons 
4.6 
28.0 
54.7 
69.0 
Barrels 
(500 lbs.) 
0.3 
1.9 
3.7 
4.8 
Trees 
per 
acre in 
stand 
. (all 
sizes) 
Trees cupped per acre (.grouped by diameter sizes) 
3 
Cups 
per 
acre 
Diameter of trees — Inches 
Total 
7 
8 
9 
10 
11 
12 
13 
450 
355 
308 
280 
50 
70 
38 
33 
50 
210 
241 
250 
50 
210 
321 
371 
90 
43 
36 
50 
50 
40 
45 
4 65 
45 
56 
25 
15 
1 This table is computed from two different sets of measurements and is not based upon actual, measured 
yields of whole stands. The working of small trees and young stands is not good practice except where 
trees are to be removed in thinnings or the land is to be cleared for other uses. 
2 Production of turpentine and rosin calculated on the basis of 100 pounds of gum yielding 2]4 gallons 
of turpentine (one-twentieth barrel) and 70 pounds of rosin (about one-sixth of a 500-pound barrel) . 
3 One cup hung on each tree measuring 7 to 9 inches, inclusive, in diameter; two cups hung on about 
one-half of the 10-inch trees and on all trees measuring 11 inches and over. 
4 In the 40-year-old stand, 35 of the total 65 trees were 2-cup trees; in the 50-year-old stand, 25 of the 45 
trees; and in both stands the remainder of the 10-inch class of trees were hung with one cup each. 
Table 12 assumes that well-stocked stands are heavily cupped 
with one cup to every tree measuring 7, 8, or 9 inches in diameter, 
one cup on about one-half of the 10-inch trees and two on the re- 
mainder, and two cups on all trees 11 inches and over. The figures 
are for the first year's working. At 30 years, for example, the aver- 
age yield per crop (10,000 cups) is shown to be 53,000 pounds of gum, 
which makes in turn about 26.5 barrels of spirits of turpentine 4 and 
88 barrels of rosin. This is obtained from 210 cups per acre, each 
yielding 5.3 pounds of gum during the season. This number of 
cups was hung on 210 trees out of a total stand of 355 trees per acre. 
At 40 years, a yield of 34 barrels of turpentine may be expected. 
The yield per acre at 30 years was 1,122 pounds of gum, producing 
about 28 gallons of turpentine and 1.9 barrels of rosin. These yields 
seem to be very fair in comparison with the average of about 55 
barrels of spirits per crop yielded by the better class of mature 
stands under good working in the Gulf region, and an average for 
all timber of about 20 barrels per crop. The inclusion of small 
sizes of trees and very close cupping should not be taken as any 
recommendation for operating such young stands as a general prac- 
tice. The figures are given as an indication of what might be ex- 
4 By a coincidence this; is the same yield as shown by the 1910 United States: census 
for the average crop in Georgia, where much of the production is from second-growth 
timber. 
