24 BULLETIN" 1061, U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE 
expected in the wa} T of yields from well-stocked longleaf stands, 
commonly considered locally as " dense " stands : 
1. A 23-year-old stand, consisting of 210 trees per acre averaging 8.1 inches 
in diameter and 76 feet in height, contained 23 cords of wood (with the bark) 
or 17 cords of peeled wood. If all trees measuring 10 inches and over in dia- 
meter were cut, the stand would saw out about 2,850 board feet ; or if all trees 
8 inches and over were cut, it would produce 4,984 feet. By the Doyle log 
rule, however, all trees measuring 7 inches and over in diameter scaled only 
1,430, or less than one-third of what might actually be sawed 2 . 
2. A 25-year-old stand, with 560 trees per acre averaging 29 feet in height 
and 4.2 inches in diameter, contained 10 cords of wood with the bark on or 
7 cords of peeled wood. The stand had no trees as large as 10 inches in dia- 
meter, but contained about 700 board feet of timber in trees 8 inches and over 
in diameter. If the logs in the trees measuring 7 inches and over were scaled 
by the Doyle rule, there would be only 160 board feet per acre. 
3. A 25-year-old stand, containing 279 trees which averaged 54 feet in 
height and 7.6 inches in diameter, contained 30 cords with bark, or 23 cords 
of peeled wood. It amounted to 3,579 feet, if it was closely sawed, and if all 
trees 10 inches and over were used ; or 6,980 feet if all the trees down to and 
including those 8 inches in diameter were taken. If scaled by the Doyle rule, 
the stand had 2,157 feet. 
4. A 50-year-old stand, which consisted of 304 dominant trees averaging 63 
feet in height and 9.2 inches in diameter, contained 55 cords of wood with 
bark, or 42 cords without bark. It had 8,565 board feet if closely utilized down 
to and including 10-inch trees, or 14,450 feet if the trees 8 inches in diameter 
and larger were used. The Doyle rule gave 2,128 board feet. 
5. A 70-year-old stand — an average of two stands of the same age (PI. I) — 
consisted of 265 trees 'per acre which averaged 68 feet in height and 11.2 
inches in diameter, and contained 58 cords of wood with bark or 46 cords with- 
out bark. If scaled by the Doyle rule, all trees 7 inches and up showed 9,600 
board feet. If cut closely and actually scaled or measured at the mill, all trees 
10 inches and up contained about 18,000 board feet, or all trees 8 inches and up 
(there were only a few of this class) contained 29,196 board feet. 
If the above-described stands are examined, and if reference is made to 
Tables 1, 4, and 10, it will be noted, for example, that the 23-year-old stand (1) 
consisted of relatively few trees per acre, but that these averaged large both 
in diameter and in height. Also, as compared with stands of that age, it 
contained about the average amount of cordwood but double the average 
amount of saw timber. The two 25-year-old stands afford an interesting com- 
parison, showing the effect of the tree density, or number of trees per acre, as 
well as the quality of the location. It will be noted that the first stand (2) 
contained over twice as many trees per acre as the second (3), and that they 
are very much smaller — 29 feet in height as compared with 54 feet, and 4.2 
inches in diameter as compared with 7.6 inches. Here the difference in dia- 
meters is probably largely due to differences in the density or number of trees 
per acre. The two 70-year-old stands (5) show, very nearly the general aver- 
age size of trees both in diameter and in height, and slightly less than the 
average amount of cordwood and saw timber. 
- By the Doyle rule, small-sized timber usually scales only one-third to two-thirds of the 
amount that can actually be cut by careful sawing and close utilization in the log. 
