CEREAL EXPERIMENTS AT THE WILLISTON SUBSTATION. 25 
The seeding was at a rate of 8 pecks per acre from 1908 to 1912, 
inclusive, 6 pecks per acre in 1913, and 4 pecks per acre in 1914. 
The rate-of-seeding tests at Williston have shown that the best rate 
at which to sow oats in that locality is between 4 and 6 pecks per acre. 
The oats have not been treated for smut every year before seeding, 
but only when indications of smut were noted. 
The only early variety which has been grown more than one year 
is the Sixty-Day. By far the greater part of the oats grown at 
Williston belongs to the group here designated as midseason white 
varieties. These varieties have also produced the best yields. They 
are decidedly variable as to size of panicle, size and shape of kernel, 
and other characters, but these differences are not apparent enough 
to justify further subdivisions into groups at this time. 
Of the midseason yellow varieties, only the Probsteier has been 
grown. for the full period, while none of the black oats has been 
included in the test for more than two years. The late varieties 
grown at Williston all : 
have one-sided pani- 
cles. They have been 
Ch. WIELD IN BUSHELS 
VARIETY vi PER ACRE. 
g 8 
a Te ABUNDANCE------- 73/\664 
exceeded in yield by £5, eens a peels 
al aye S/BERIAN------- 74) \645 
several open-p anicled legs os es SILVER MINE-----7/4\63.8 
ietieas 7 WI RICK =o 739|6/3 
varieties of midseason POR re ra ee 
white oats.. MOSES OM PROBSTEIER-- ----495 6/2 = 
WH/TE RUSSIAN ---732| 589% 
LATE ) Wy /TERUSSIAN---744| 564 
= WHITE \ 
SUMMARY OF OAT YIELDS. SSG arate Maa 
I Ce ee one a 
VELLOW WATE OAY 165 |\42 6 aE 
The annual and 
average yields, the 
average dates of 
heading and_ ripen- 
ing, the height, and the weight per bushel of the 11 varieties of 
oats which have been grown for seven years (1908 to 1914) at the 
Williston substation are shown in Table XIII. The yields are also 
shown graphically in figure 8. The varieties are arranged in the table 
and in the graph in the order of their average yields. 
Of the varieties included in Table XIII, one (Sixty-Day) may be 
classed as early, three as late, and the remaining seven as medium or 
midseason varieties. Heads of four representative varieties are 
shown in figure 9. 
Fig. 8.—Diagram showing the average yields of eleven varieties of oats 
at the Williston substation, 1908 to 1914, inclusive. 
EARLY VARIETIES. 
The only early variety of oats which has been grown for the full 
seven years at Williston is the Sixty-Day (C. I: No. 165). This 
variety was originally imported from southern Russia by the United 
States Department of Agriculture in 1901. A similar variety, the 
Kherson, was imported a few years earlier from the same region by 
the Nebraska experiment station. The Sixty-Day and Kherson oats 
are now grown extensively in the corn belt and in the semiarid por- 
