BIOLOGICAL STUDIES OF THE GREEX CLOVER WORM 17 
DIPTEBA 
One male of Compsilura concinnata Meig. was reared from a Plathy- 
pena .sca&ra pupa, the larva of which was collected at Indian Orchard, 
Mass., by D. A. Ricker. This tachinid was imported from Europe 
to aid in controlling the gipsy and brown-tail moths in New England 
and has proved a very effective enemy against them. It was first 
introduced in 1906, but the most satisfactory colonies were planted 
in 1909. It is known to parasitize a large number of hosts in Europe 
and has already been reared from a number of native hosts. 
Exorista blanda O. S. is recorded by Chittenden (2) as having been 
reared from the pupa of Plathypena scabra September 7, 1899. 
Exorista amplexa Coq. 9 was reared from this host at Hagerstown, 
Md., by C. M. Packard in 1914. 
Hypochaeta eudryae Smith 10 was reared by the writer at Knoxville. 
Tenn., in 1916. Those observed emerged from the larva stage of the 
host and formed puparia about 5 millimeters long. 
Hypochaeta longicornis Schiner n was reared by W. R. McConnell at 
Greenwood, Miss., September 9, 1913. 
Phorocera flavicauda V. d. W. 13 was reared by E. H. Gibson at 
Greenwood, Miss., in 1913 and by the writer at Knoxville. Tenn., 
in 1916. 
Phorocera claripennis Macq. 11 was reared by 
W. E. Pennington from a larva collected at 
Hagerstown, Md. The host larva was collected 
June 21, 1915; the dipterous puparium was formed 
July 6; the dipteron adult emerged July 15. 
Trichophora rujicauda V. d. W. 13 was more abun- 
dant at Knoxville, Tenn., in 1916 than any other 
parasite reared from Plathypena scabra. Speci- 
mens of this tachinid were also reared by the writer 
at Nashville, Tenn., in 1915; and by E. H. Gibson 
at Greenwood, Miss., in 1913, F. M. Moody at 
Charleston, Mo., and R. W. Leiby at Terra Ceia, 
N. C. (10). The host caterpillars of specimens 
reared at Knoxville each snowed a dark spot 
bearing a small round pore opening through the 
skin and through which in some cases the move- 
ments of the parasitic larva could be seen. On 
the pupation of the host this pore was retained and 
enlarged, and usually occurred between the second 
and fifth abdominal segments. The puparium as 
a rule was left inside the pupal skin, filling all but the tip of the 
abdomen. One which was protruding from the host when the 
latter was in the prepupal stage is shown in Figure 15. 
Fig. 15.— Photograph show- 
ing a puparium of Tricho- 
phora ruficaudn partially 
protruding from its host, 
a larva of the green clover 
worm 
'■> Determined by W. R. Walton 
w Seven specimens determined by W. R. Walton. 
11 One specimen determined by W. R. Walton. 
12 Four specimens from Tennessee determined by W. R. Walton. 
" Sixteen specimens reared in Tennessee determined by W. R. Walton. 
