34 BULLETIX c>43, r. S. DEPAETMEXT OF AGEICULTUEE. 
districts 66 per cent of the total wheat acreage \vas harvested with 
the binder and 34 per cent was headed. Tractor power was used 
in harvesting grain in all areas excepting Jasper County, Mo. Of 
the winter- wheat acreage 13 per cent was cut with tractor power. 
Heading was found to be most common in Ford and Pawnee Counties, 
Kans. About 64 per cent of the Ford County acreage and 78 per 
cent of the Pawnee County acreage was harvested with the header 
(see PL II). 
In both spring and winter wheat regions most of the bundle grain 
was shock thrashed. The headed grain was stacked before thrash- 
ing. The grain was either hauled direct from the thrashing machine 
to local elevators and railroad cars or stored on the farm. In some 
localities grain elevators were soon filled, railroad cars were not 
Fig. 9. — Disking stubble land preparatory to drilling wheat without further preparation. 
available at thrashuig time, and adequate storage facihties were not 
available on the farm, so that a part of the wheat was often dumped 
in piles on the ground until marketing and storage facilities became 
available. 
In every case all labor and expenses incident to storing and hauliag 
grain to market have been included in the cost of production. 
LABOR RATES. 
ManAabor rate. — The man-labor rates, as showai in Table XX, 
are based on prevailing month and day wages paid for farm labor 
at the time the work was done, including board, when furnished. 
The labor of the farmer and any members of his family was charged 
at the same rate. The labor prior to harvesting wasm.ainly per- 
formed by the farmer, with the aid of month hands. During the 
harvest period, however, because of the scarcity of harvest hands 
