22 
BULLETIN 943, U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICI'LTURE. 
the winter-wheat areas better yields prevailed than in the spring- 
wheat areas. Here nearly 50 per cent of the wheat was grown on 
farms having yields of from 2.2 to 16.9 bushels and the other 50 per 
cent was grown on farms where yields of from 17 to 30 bushels per 
acre were obtained. When one considers the range in yields obtained 
on these farms, the great variations in costs per bushel are not 
surprising. 
Table XI. — Relation of yield to cost per bushel, tuint^r wheat, 1919 {284 farms). 
Range of yield. 
Num- 
ber 
of rec- 
ords. 
Cumu- 
lative 
per 
cent of 
produc- 
tion. 
Aver- 
ySld. 
Aver- 
age 
cost per 
bushel. 
Range of yield. 
Num- 
ber 
of rec- 
cords. 
Cumu- 
lative 
per 
cent of 
produc- 
tion. 
Aver- 
age 
yield. 
Aver- 
age 
cost per 
bushel. 
Bushels. 
2 to 2.9 
3to 3.9 
4 to 4.9 
5 to 5.9 
6 to 6.9 
7to 7.9 
8 to 8.9 
9 to 9.9 
10 to 10.9 
11 to 11.9 
12 to 12.9 
13 to 13.9 
14 to 14.9 
2 
1 
1 
3 
3 
14 
12 
14 
12 
12 
13 
18 
0.3 
.4 
.6 
1.1 
1.5 
3.3 
6.5 
9.1 
12.1 
14.5 
22.3 
28.5 
35.4 
Bushels, 
2.5 
3.4 
4.9 
5.6 
6.4 
7.5 
8.2 
9.6 
10.5 
11.3 
12.4 
13.4 
14.5 
S6.55 
4.35 
3.60 
3.37 
3.42 
2.89 
2.47 
2.39 
2.26 
2.17 
1.97 
2.06 
1.97 
Bushels. 
15 to 15.9 
16 to 16.9 
17 to 17.9 
18 to 18.9 
19 to 19.9 
20 to 20.9 
21 to 21.9 
22 to 22.9 
23 to 23.9 
24 to 24.9 
25 to 25.9 
28 to 28.9 
29 and over. . — 
21 
18 
24 
27 
11 
28 
15 
12 
6 
4 
4 
1 
1 
43.3 
49.4 
59.9 
70.0 
73.6 
82.3 
89.6 
94.3 
96.4 
98.2 
99.2 
99.5 
100.0 
Bushels. 
15.4 
16.4 
17.5 
18.5 
19.5 
20.2 
21.4 
22.2 
23.4 
24.2 
25.2 
28.8 
30.0 
1.90 
1.82 
1.61 
1.80 
1.76 
1.55 
1.56 
1.49 
1.65 
1.29 
1.47 
1.49 
1.46 
VARIATION IN NET COST PER BUSHEL. 
On the 197 spring- wheat farms the average cost was $2.65 per 
bushel, and the cost on individual farms ranged from $1.15 to $14.38 
per bushel. However, but one of the 197 farms had a cost as high as 
$14.38, and only 15 farms, representing 2.5 per cent of the wheat pro- 
duced, had costs exceeding $5 per bushel. In figure 6 the 197 
farms have been arranged according to net cost per bushel, that the 
relative importance of each cost group may be shown. 
The variations in net cost per bushel are due, of course, to varia- 
tions in costs expended per acre and in the yields obtained, both of 
which factors have been previously discussed. However, it may be 
of interest to note conditions that prevailed in 1919 on some of the 
farms having extremely low or high costs. A review of the records 
taken indicates that when the farms were classified, as shown in 
figure 6, both those with comparatively low and those with compara- 
tively high acre costs often appeared in the same cost per bushel 
class. Yield is the most variable factor in determining the cost of 
producing a bushel of wheat, and this factor is therefore largely 
responsible for the grouping of the farms. Farms where a part of 
the acreage was not worth cutting usually had a high acreage cost, 
owing to expenses in preparing land and seeding wheat that was not 
cut. Furthermore the yield from the acreage harvested was usually 
low, thus further increasing the bushel cost. Of the farmers having 
