HEMORRHAGIC SEPTICEMIA. T 
In the pectoral form the lungs are darkened in color with their 
fibrous tissues much thickened from the collection of bloody serum 
in their meshes. The diaphragm, heart sac, and heart walls show 
numerous bloody points and larger hemorrhages. 
In the intestinal form hemorrhages into the intestines will be 
present and sloughing of the lining of the intestinal wall will be 
observed, as a result of which the intestinal contents will be wrapped 
in a covering of bloody mucus. 
In acute forms the animals may die suddenly and the changes that 
are present in such cases will not be very marked. Microscopie ex- 
amination of the body fluids in these cases will demonstrate the pres- 
ence of numerous specific coccobacilli. 
DIAGNOSIS. 
Because of their acute course, high fever, and rapid termination 
in death, some difficulty may be experienced in distinguishing an- 
thrax, malignant edema, and blackleg from hemorrhagic septicemia. 
The differentiation of hog cholera from hemorrhagic septicemia of 
swine also presents many puzzling points. 
There may be edematous swelling of the throat or neck in either 
anthrax or hemorrhagic septicemia. An examination of the spleen 
of the affected animal will give a conclusive diagnosis, for the spleen 
of an animal dead from anthrax nearly always becomes acutely 
swollen and its pulp becomes softened. Small hemorrhages are usu- 
ally present in the kidney fat in cases of hemorrhagic septicemia. 
Bacteriological examination will demonstrate quickly the presence 
of the specific organisms of anthrax or of hemorrhagic septicemia, 
and a test should be applied in all cases in which doubt exists. The 
value of a definite diagnosis will be recognized when the lasting na- 
ture of an anthrax infection and the more transitory character of an 
outbreak of hemorrhagic septicemia are considered. 
Blackleg and malignant edema may be detected usually by the for- 
mation of gas within the swellings upon the body, and the bubbles. 
thus developed will produce a crackling sound if the fingers are 
pressed over the affected area. Further, in blackleg the marked 
change in the affected musculature and the characteristic “ rancid- 
butter ” odor noted in eases of blackleg facilitate a differential diag- 
nosis. 
Hemorrhagic septicemia of swine, commonly termed swine plague, 
usually appears in the form of necrotic pleuropneumonia. The 
symptoms shown by the affected animal readily point to an attack 
of pneumonia, but the presence of roundworms in the lungs may 
cause identical manifestations. The long course of the latter disease: 
should be taken as an indication that the pig is not affected with. 
swine plague. 
