6 BULLETIN" 316, IT. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 
its long drooping branchlets. These are tough and pliable, but the 
older branches are extremely brittle. 
The leaves are long, narrow, and rounded at the base, light green 
above and pale beneath. They closely resemble those of the black 
willow in shape and those of the white willow in color. When young 
they are somewhat silky, but are smooth when mature. They are 
from 4 to 7 inches long and from one-fourth to one-half inch wide. In 
one variety, Salix babylonica annularis, the leaves curl into a ring. 
The bark on the trunk is from three-fourths of an inch to 1| inches 
thick, dark brown, becoming green or yellowish above. Besides the 
ring-leafed variety, a horticultural form with yellow twigs and a 
hairy northern variety are frequently seen. 
The weeping willow is now widely planted as an ornamental tree 
and has frequently escaped from cultivation over practically the 
entire country. 
PACIFIC COAST WILLOWS. 
Besides the black and peachleaf willows there are five other species 
in the Pacific Coast States that attain tree size. None of these, how- 
ever, are large enough for sawlogs and they are important chiefly for 
protection against erosion, although considerable quantities are 
available for charcoal or excelsior. This region, however, has such 
timber resources that it will be a long time before willow becomes as 
important as it is in the East. Along the coast in Oregon willows 
have been successfully planted as sand binders. 
Four of the western willows are important. The Salix lasiandra 
(yellow willow) grows on the banks of streams throughout the coast 
ranges, Sacramento to San Joaquin Valleys, and Sierra Nevada 
southward to southern California and northward to British Columbia. 
It is from 20 to 80 feet high with stout reddish twigs and brown, 
roughly fissured bark. The 1-year-old branches are yellowish. The 
leaves are from 4 to 7 inches long and from five-eighths of an inch to 
1J inches wide with a long tapering point. The Salix laevigata (red 
willow) is found along streams throughout California. It is a small 
tree from 20 to 40 feet high with reddish 1-year-old branchlets. The 
bark is firmer and lighter in color than the yellow willow. The 
leaves are also somewhat wider in outline. They are from 2 J to 7§ 
inches wide, green above and pale beneath. The Salix lasiolepis 
(arroyo willow) is commonly found along streams from Washington 
to California. It is a small tree from 15 to 40 feet high, easily 
distinguished by the almost smooth bark on the trunk. The branches 
are erect and have a yellowish bark. The leaves are shiny green 
above and whitish below, from l\ to 5 inches long and from one-third 
of an inch to 1J inches wide. The Salix fendleriana (Fendler's 
willow) grows along mountain streams from eastern Washington 
