12 
BULLETIN 882, U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 
Table 7. — Effect of twist on 80's singles and 3/80's yarn made from the Ameri- 
can' Egyptian cotton. 
BREAKING STRENGTH IN POUNDS PER SKEIN. 
80' s single yarn. 
3/80's yarn. 
Twist 
multiple. 
Twist per 
inch. 
Breakings 
per skein. 
1 to 2 turns 
more than 
basis. 
Same twist 
multiple as 
single yarn 
(basis). 
1 to 2 turns 
less than 
basis. 
2 to 3 turns 
less than 
basis. 
4.27 
4.15 
4.03 
3.93 
3.83 
3.73 
3.63 
3.55 
3.39 
37.66 
36.61 
35.62 
34.61 
33.80 
32.95 
32.15 
31.38 
29.95 
28.1 
28.7 
28.2 
29.5 
29.1 
29.5 
29.7 
30.5 
30.2 
142.1 
143.8 
138.1 
145.1 
147.6 
143.0 
141.3 
143.8 
142.9 
141.7 
143.8 
142.2 
144.5 
147.2 
146.0 
141.2 
146.0 
145.3 
145.0 
145.4 
138. 8 
145. 1 
149.8 
145.0 
142.2 
142.1 
142.4 
149.6 
The twist test was carried one step further. A fabric was woven 
from a warp having a twist multiple of four and a filling having the 
varying twist multiples shown in Table 7. The resulting cloths were 
tested for strength and stretch in the direction of the filling, and it 
was found that the twist as recommended in the specifications of the 
Signal Corps was excessive. The cloth tests in general confirmed the 
yarn tests, although it appeared that the 3.55 twist multiple for ply- 
ing, when such yarn was woven, produced the strongest cloth. The 
results of these tests are shown in Table 8. 
Table 8. — Effect of the various twists as related to the breaking strength of 
3/80's plain cloth made from American Egyptian cotton, using J f .03 twist 
multiple in the warp, and twists as indicated in the filling. [Broken in direc- 
tion of filling.) 
Twist 
multiple of 
single and 
ply yams 
(basis). 
Strength of fabric in pounds. 
Stretch in inches at 65 pounds. 
1 to 2 turns 
more than 
basis. 
Basic 
twist. 
1 to 2 turns 
less than 
basis. 
1 to 2 turns 
more than 
basis. 
Basic 
twist. 
1 to 2 turns 
less than 
basis. 
4.27 
4.15 
4.03 
3.93 
13.83 
3.73 
3.63 
3. 55 
3.39 
84.6 
84.1 
79.0 
80.8 
81.8 
83.4 
85.0 
85.0 
79.0 
79.8 
78.2 
80.8 
80.8 
77.6 
80.2 
81.2 
87.0 
87.6 
78.0 
83.6 
82.4 
79.2 
82.0 
85.2 ' 
83.0 
87.0 
83.0 
0.70 
.83 
.78 
.73 
.75 
.73 
.73 
.75 
.70 
1.00 
.75 
.68 
.70 
.75' 
.70 
.68 
.75 
.75 
0.73 
.83 
.68 
.73 
.75 
.68 
.65 
.68 
.70 
i Another fabric was made with twist multiple giving 2 to 3 turns less per inch than basis 
77.6 pounds and having a stretch of 0.70 inch at 65 pounds. 
breaking at 
Subsequently a cloth was woven from yarn with the twist giving 
the greatest strength (3.83 twist multiple in the single yarn and 3.63 
twist multiple in the ply) both in the warp and filling to determine 
whether the warp yarn of this softer twist could withstand the chafing 
