4 
WINTER WHEAT IN THE GREAT PLAINS AREA. 30 
(7) Furrowing with a lister after harvest and leveling the ridges 
preparatory to seeding have resulted in an average increase of 0.9 
bushel over early plowing and 2.2 bushels over late plowing. As it is 
a cheaper method of preparation than plowing, it has consequently 
been more profitable. At Hays and Amarillo it has been the most 
profitable method. 
(8) Subsoiling has increased the yields over plowing without sub- 
soiling at 5 of the 10 stations at which it has been studied. At 
these stations it has been more profitable than ordinary plowing. At 
the other stations it has been the least profitable of the continuous- 
cropping methods. It has not shown any value in overcoming 
drought. 
(9) Disked corn ground has given consistently high yields. This, 
together with the low cost of preparation, has resulted in this method 
showing the highest average net returns of any of the methods at all 
of the 11 stations where it has been tried except at Huntley and 
Amarillo. These profits are based on the assumption that the corn 
crop was so utilized as to pay for the cost of producing it. 
(10) Summer tillage has given the highest average yields of any 
method under trial at 11 of the 13 stations. However, on account of 
' its high cost, due to extra labor and alternate-year cropping, it has 
not netted the largest returns except at Huntley. 
(11) Green manuring is the most expensive method under investi- 
gation. It has given the smallest net returns of any of the methods 
at all of the stations except Huntley, where the profit from it is 
slightly greater than from either fall plowing or subsoiling. 
(12) In comparison with spring wheat, winter wheat shows a 
ereater response to summer tillage and is the more profitable crop to 
grow on land so prepared. This appears to be true at all stations 
studied except possibly Garden City, Dalhart, and Tucumcari, where 
large average losses attend the growth of either crop. 
In the average of all methods by which the crops are grown winter 
wheat has a marked advantage over spring wheat, both in yields and 
profits per acre, at North Platte, Akron, and Hays in the central por- 
tion of the Great Plains and at Huntley, Mont. At the other sta- 
tions, where either crop can be grown profitably, the average differ- 
ences in favor of either are not great enough to be conclusive from 
the evidence at hand. 
