30 BULLETIN 595, U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE, 
profitable. At three (Garden City, Dalhart, and Tucumcari) none 
of the methods have produced profits. At two (Archer and Amarillo) 
early and late fall plowing, listing, and disked corn ground have 
been profitable, the other methods having produced losses. At 
Scottsbluff early plowing, subsoiling, disked corn ground and sum- 
mer tillage have returned profits, while late fall plowing, listing, and 
ereen manuring have been unprofitable. 
As an average for all the stations, early (deep) fall plowing has 
produced 1 bushel more per acre than late (shallow) fall plowing. 
The stations that have shown marked differences in the yields of 
these two methods are Huntley, Scottsbluff, North Platte, Hays, and 
Amarillo. At Huntley the difference has been in favor of shallow 
plowing on the average and in each year except 1915. At Scottsbluff, 
North Platte, Hays, and Amarillo the difference has been in favor 
of early fall plowing on the average and in each year except at 
Scottsbluff and North Platte in 1915, at Hays in 1907 and 1908, and 
at Amarillo in 1916. At Scottsbluff, North Platte, Hays, and Ama- 
rillo the profits from early fall plowing are greater, but at the other 
stations late plowing has been more profitable or has resulted in 
smaller losses, mainly because it is a less expensive method. 
Listing, instead of plowing, wheat stubble after harvest and level- 
ing the ridges preparatory to seeding has averaged 0.9 bushel per 
acre more than early plowing and 2.2 bushels more than late plowing 
at the 11 stations where this method has been tried. At five of these 
stations (Huntley, Belle Fourche, Akron, Hays, and Garden City) it 
has given higher yields than early fall plowing, and at six (Belle 
Fourche, Ardmore, Akron, Hays, Garden City, and Amarillo) it has 
given higher yields than late plowing. Being a cheaper method 
than plowing, it has been more profitable than early plowing at all 
of the stations and more profitable than late plowing at all except 
Archer. At Scottsbluff, Garden City, and Dalhart winter wheat is 
erown at a loss by this method. At Hays and Amarillo the profits 
from this method are larger than from any other method under trial. 
Subsoiling, as compared with fall plowing similar wheat stubble 
without subsoiling, has given higher yields at Huntley, Ardmore, 
Hays, and Garden City. At these stations the average increase due 
to subsoiling has been more than enough to pay for the extra cost. 
At Judith Basin and Belle Fourche the yields from the two methods _ | 
have averaged practically the same, while at Archer, Akron, and 
Amarillo the differences in favor of plowing without subsoiling are 
1.8, 1.7, and 1.5 bushels, respectively. At Scottsbluff, where only 
two years’ results are available for subsoiling, the average yield and 
average profit are in favor of subsoiling. 
Disked corn ground has given consistently high yields. At 6 of 
the 11 stations where this method has been practiced it has averaged 
