FARM MANAGEMENT IN LENAWEE COUNTY, MICH. 23 
The 300 farms are divided into two groups on the basis of crop 
yields and into four groups on the basis of the receipts per animal 
unit. The first division on the crop basis includes all farms which 
have a crop index rating below 100, 1. e., the farms that are making 
yields below the average of all the farms studied for that year; the 
second division includes all farms with a crop index rating above 100. 
The farms making $40 and less per animal unit and with crop yields 
below the average, lacked $100 per farm (minus $100 labor income) 
of paying all expenses and 5 per cent interest upon investment, while 
those of the same quality of live stock but with crop yields above the 
average made an average labor income of $192. Thus the difference 
in crop yields in the groups making $40 and less per animal unit, 
made a difference of $292 in the average labor income for each farm. 
In the next group of farms, those making from $41 to $60 per animal 
unit, the difference in the average labor income per farm was $297, in 
favor of those with good crops. The average size of the farms is 
ereater in the latter case, (120 as compared with 96 acres.) This was 
due to the fact that the largest farm of the survey, one of 675 acres, fell 
in this class. With this farm omitted, the figures shown in the table 
in parentheses would have been the result; the average size would 
have been but 108 acres and the average labor income only slightly 
less, or $509. In the group of farms making from $61 to $80 per ani- 
mal unit, the average acreage is practically the same and the average 
labor income of the farms with crop yields below the average is $482, 
as compared with $718 for those with crop yields above the average. 
With the average acreage about the same in the group receiving over 
_. $80 per animal unit, there is a difference in average labor income of 
$288 in favor of those farms having the better crop yields. Taking 
all farms, with an average difference of but 12 acres and 5 animal 
units per farm, there is average difference of $378 in labor income in 
favor of the fe with crop yields above the average. 
The influence of good live stock on the average phe income of the 
300 owner-farms studied may be seen first In the farms haying poor 
crop yields, (less than 100 crop index) or which were below average of 
the area in crop yield, and those that were above the average in crop 
yield for that year (above 100 crop index). When the receipts 
increase from $40 and under per animal unit to over $80 per animal 
unit there is a gradual increase in the average labor income from 
minus $100 to plus $829 in the farms below the average in yield; 
while in the farms with crop yields better than the average there is an 
increase in the average income per farm from $192 to $1,117. Fur- 
ther study of the data presented shows that the size of farm and 
several important factors other than the two on which this tabulation 
is based, are practically the same for the different groups; hence it 
seems fair to conclude that quality as expressed in crop yield and 
