VOLUME VARIATION OF BOTTLED FOODS. 
15 
in Virginia, West Virginia, and Maryland were visited, and 20 sets 
of measurements, including 524 bottles, were taken. Rough measure- 
ments were first made on the bottles being used, from the result of 
which the bottler Avas given an aim in ounces by which to fill 50 
bottles for measurement. The aim given was as consistent as possible 
with his declaration of the quantity of contents, but slight changes 
were often made, even though he were approximately following the 
good commercial practice outlined in this bulletin. The bottler was 
then requested to fill a number of his bottles with the specified number 
of ounces given to him as an aim, take the average of the distance 
from the top, and adjust his filling machine or filling system to fill 
to this average height. In cases where allowance for contraction due 
to change in temperature was necessary, he was instructed to deliver 
bottles which would be filled to this aim when cool. In cases where 
the bottles could not be opened, such as soda water, 50 empty bottles 
were selected at random, paired with full bottles, and filled to the 
same height by pouring water from a standardized graduate. The 
results so obtained were assumed to be equivalent to the volumes of 
food contained in the original bottles. 
The results obtained are recapitulated in Table 5. 
Table 5. — Variation in volume of foods packed in bottles. 
Product. 
Type of bottle. 
Volume found . 
cd 
bJD 
i 
C3 
CD . 
> 2 
1 
C3 
e3§ 
t> 
S 
T3 
O C3 
a 
CD 
CD 
a 
MixJ 
6J0 
c3 
> 
> 
> 
< 
< 
< 
Fl. oz. 
Fl oz. 
Fl oz. 
0.034 
0.034 
0.01 
.29 
.39 
.27 
-.12 
.25 
.27 
-.34 
.22 
.07 
.37 
.34 
.24 
-.02 
.63 
-.22 
.15 
.32 
-.03 
.15 
.15 
.51 
.34 
-.22 
.27 
.63 
.19 
.82 
.31 
.28 
.30 
.19 
.25 
.37 
1.25 
.39 
.32 
-.78 
.93 
.01 
1.03 
.74 
.47 
.81 
-1.67 
O so 
1120 
1100 
1110 
1111 
1105 
1108 
1109 
1113 
1101 
1114 
1115 
1116 
1124 
1104 
1103 
1117 
1123 
1102 
1118 
1122 
Flavoring ex- 
tract. 
Soda water.. 
Coca cola — 
....do 
....do 
Soda water . 
....do 
....do 
....do 
Vinegar 
do 
do 
do 
do 
do , 
do 
do. 
do 
do 
do 
Sq. 
Rd. 
Sq. 
Sq. 
Rd. 
Rd. 
Rd. 
Rd. 
Rd. 
Sq. 
Rd. 
Rd. 
Rd. 
Rd. 
Rd. 
Rd. 
Rd. 
Rd. 
Rd. 
Rd. 
Con. 
Con 
Con 
Con 
Con 
Cyl 
Con 
Con 
Con 
Con 
Cyl. jar.. 
Cyl. jar. . 
Cyl. jar. . 
Cyl. jar. . 
Cyl 
Cyl. jug. 
Cy.uig 
Cyl. jug. 
Cyl. jug. 
Cyl. jug. 
Fl. oz. 
0.75 
6.0 
6.0 
6.0 
7.0 
7.0 
7.0 
7.5 
8.0 
15.0 
20.0 
25.0 
25.5 
26.0 
63.0 
63.0 
63.0 
128.0 
128.0 
129.0 
Fl. oz. 
0.88 
7.84 
6.42 
6.25 
7.54 
8.18 
7.77 
8.69 
8.38 
15.68 
20.45 
26.20 
26.70 
26.87 
63.75 
65. 61 
63.24 
130. 70 
128. 51 
129.69 
Fl. oz. 
0.66 
5.44 
4.97 
4.66 
6.42 
6.12 
6.56 
6.15 
7.54 
14.94 
18.93 
25.01 
25. 52 
25.69 
62.91 
63.75 
61.22 
126. 82 
125. 46 
123.31 
Fl. oz. 
0.76 
6.38 
5.87 
5.66 
7.07 
7.34 
7.01 
7.28 
7.97 
15. 51 
19.77 
25. 62 
26.30 
26.29 
63.25 
64.25 
62.22 
128. 02 
127. 27 
127. 34 
Floz. 
0.01 
.04 
.51 
.38 
,24 
With the exception of one set of data, measurements were taken on 
bottles of soda water and vinegar, and data were taken on hand- 
blown and machine-blown bottles, round and square bottles, bottles 
with conical and cylindrical neck's, jars, and jugs. Some of these 
