12 
BULLETIN 1009, U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 
EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS. 
The data which have been collected were taken for the purpose of 
showing the chance of occurrence of the calculated maximum vari- 
ations in the capacity of the bottle and in the quantity of food 
therein. Other data were also collected to show the possibilities of 
meeting the calculated maximum variations by such temporary ex- 
pedients as changing the height of fill or the declaration on the label. 
VARIATION IN CAPACITY OF BOTTLES. 
In order to determine the variations due exclusively to differ- 
ence in the capacity of bottles, 22 representative glass factories lo- 
cated in Virginia, Maryland, Pennsylvania, New Jersey, "West Vir- 
ginia, and Ohio were visited, and 28 sets of measurements, including 
1,090 bottles blown by hand and by machine processes, were taken. 
Certain conditions of blowing were prescribed before a set of bottles 
was selected for measurement. The moulds were noted to be in 
good repair and to have been in use at least one hour before the 
bottles selected for measurement were blown. It was stated that 
the glass was in good workable condition. All machines were oper- 
ating under favorable circumstances and all blowers and gatherers 
were journeymen workmen. In the case of hand-blown bottles, 
measurements were made on a set which had been blown in a 
single mould. In the case of machine-blown bottles, a run of ma- 
chine ware was measured. All measurements were made by pouring 
water from a standardized graduate into the bottles. A recapitula- 
tion of the results obtained is given in Table 3. 
Table 3.— -Variations in capacity of bottles. 
[Data based on measurement sin gl 
iss factories.] 
Refer- 
ence 
No. 
Size 
of 
bottle. 
, Type. 
Number 
meas- 
ured. 
Capacity at top. . 
Average 
devia- 
tion. 
Average 
of 
Maxi- 
mum. 
Mini- 
mum. 
Average. 
average 
devia- 
tions of 
the size. 
1006-0 
Fl.oz. 
1 
1 
3 
3 
3 
HAND BLOWN. 
Shoo-fly flask 
25 
25 
25 
25 
25 
25 
50 
25 
25 
50 
50 
50 
50 
50 
25 
25 
15 
Fl. oz. 
1.08 
1.03 
3.55 
3.31 
3.21 
3.18 
4.77 
4.22 
4.29 
4.66 
9.06 
9.19 
8.92 
13.58 
24.84 
25.69 
68.48 
Fl. oz, 
0.93 
.90 
3.31 
3.11 
2.99 
2.91 
4.33 
3.92 
• 3.89 
4.19 
8.08 
8.25 
7.67 
12.71 
23.49 
24.17 
66.46 
Fl.oz. 
1.03 
.96 
3.47 
3.21 
3.11 
3.00 
4.52 
4.07 
4.12 
4.48 
8.69 
8.62 
8.32 
13.18 
24.24 
24.71 
67.30 
Fl.oz. 
0.035 
.032 
.042 
.039 
.066 
.055 
.099 
.074 
,080 
.071 
.15 
.13 
.21 
.15 
.30 
.36 
.41 
Fl.oz. 
1006-1 
do 
0.033 
1002-B 
Oval prescription 
do 
do 
1002-S 
1010-1 
1010-2 
3 do 
1001 
4 
4 
4 
4 
8 
8 
8 
12 
24 
24 
64 
Round square 
1006-1 
Shoo-fly flask 
1006-2 
do 
Oval prescription 
do 
Tallblake 
1008 
1001 
.068 
1002 
1005 
Soda water 
.16 
1005 
Beer 
.15 
1000-K 
Brandy 
1000-P 
1005 
do 
Round packer 
.33 
.41 
