THE PECAN LEAF CASE-BEARER. 
15 
insects more than offsets the injury that it is accused of doing in the 
fall of the year, when it may take a few nuts from the pecan trees. 
The writer has reared a number of parasitic insects from the larvae 
and pupae of this case-bearer, as follows: Itoplectis conquisitor Say, 
Triclistus apicatis Cress., CaUiephialtes grapholiihae (Cress.), and 
Pristomerus sp., belonging to the family Ichneumonidae; Macro- 
centrus delicatus Cress., Meteorus sp., Habrobracon variabilis Cush., and 
Orgilus sp., belonging to the family Braconidae ; and Secodella aero- 
basis Cwfd., which has been described as a new species by Mr. J. C. 
Crawford (19), of the U. S. National Museum, and Cerambycobius sp., 
belonging to the superf amily Chalcidoidea. Two species of Tachinidae 
were reared from this case-bearer and were identified by Mr. W. R. 
Walton, of the Bureau of Entomology, as LesMomima tenera Wied. 
and Exorista near pyste Walker. This last he considers as probably 
a new species. Gossard (12) reported rearing Spilochalcis vittata 
(Fab.) and Itoplectis conquisitor Say from this host. It is interesting 
to note that on one occasion specimens of Trichogramma minutum 
Riley were reared from the eggs of the pecan leaf case-bearer. Of 
the numerous parasites preying upon this pest, the most effective is 
the small chalcidoid, Secodella acrobasis Cwfd., which was reared in 
great abundance from the overwintering larvae. 
METHODS OF CONTROL. 
DIPPING AND SPRAYING TESTS FOR THE DESTRUCTION OF LARV^ IN HIBERNATION. 
In order to determine the effect of various spray materials on the 
larvae in their hibernacula, a series of tests was made. For this 
work small twigs that were badly infested were selected for the 
treatment, which consisted in immersing the twigs in the materials 
used. After the treatment had been effected the twigs were kept 
in separate glass jars. The results of this series of experiments are 
shown in Table IX. 
Table IX. — Dipping tests with sprays for destruction of hibernating larvae of the pecan 
leaf case-bearer at Monticello, Fla., in 1913. 
Experi- 
ment No. 
Number 
of twigs 
treated. 
Material used. 
Date of appli- 
cation. 
Per cent- 
age of 
larvae 
emerging 
from 
hiber- 
nacula. 
I 
II 
III 
IV 
V 
VI 
VII 
VIII 
IX 
X 
Miscibleoil (1:12) 
Miscible oil (1:15) 
Miscible oil (1:18) 
Miscible oil (1 :20) 
Miscible oil (undiluted) 
10 per cent kerosene emulsion 
20 per cent kerosene emulsion 
Commercial lime-sulphur solution (1:8). 
40 per cent nicotine sulphate (1:32) 
Check; untreated 
Feb. 11,1913 
