() 
MANUFACTURE OF COTTAGE CHEESE 9 
upon results obtained in the manufacture of cottage cheese in a 
commercial way at the creamery at Grove City, Pa., and, with the 
exception of the item of power, were obtained by making the proper 
tests to ascertain the expense of the different items. The labor 
represents the actual time of the men who did the work, figured at 
the rate which the average creamery would have to pay for the 
desired kind of help. 
By making tests on the boiler to determine the number of pounds 
of water evaporated by 1 pound of coal, and by weighing the pounds 
of condensed steam required to Pasteurize and later heat the milk to 
separate the curd, the cost of fuel was ascertained. The soft coal 
used cost $4 a ton, mine run. The costs of power and cooling are 
estimated at figures considered sufficiently high to cover these items. 
The quantity of water required to cool 1,000 pounds of skim milk 
» Fie. 5.—Packing the cheese in tubs. Here the drain rack with cloths is being used 
was determined by measuring the actual water used to cool certain 
batches of Pasteurized milk. The cost of this was figured at the 
rate of 5 cents per 1,000 gallons. 
Depreciation reserve was figured on the following basis: 
Apparatus Value 
Pasteurizing vat___._-- $750 
Maleine vats == 2222 ase 225 
Annual 
sree deprecia- 
tion 
1Olyearse == $75 
21% years__-- 90 
165 
Taking 300 as the probable number of days the vat would be used 
gave a daily depreciation of 55 cents. 
The number of days the vat 
