SUGAR PINE. 39 
Taste 24.— Merchantable length and diameter of top logs inside bark, sugar pine. 
. Aver- i Aver- 
Diam- Mer- |agetop| Basis || Diam- Mer- |agetop| Basis 
eter Total | chant -| diam- | num- eter Total | chant-| diam- | num- 
breast | height.)| able. eter | ber of || breast | height.1) able eter {| ber of 
high. length.| inside | trees. || high. length.! inside | trees. 
bark. bark. 
Inches.| Feet Feet. | Inches. No. Inches.| Feet. Feet. | Inches.| No. 
48 ND 3 ies | eee ea tien AERC 40 148 120 11 41 
10 57 PUSY Daal eter aie an ee 9 42 152 125 11 43 
12 67 Ce Te I ase eee eee a 44 156 130 12 39 
14 77 45 8 1 46 160 134 12 31 
16 86 52 8 2 48 164 138 12 43 
18 92 58 9 7 50 168 143 12 | 41 
20 98 65 9 28 52 172 147 Py al 56 
32 104 7 9 23 54 175 151 13 36 
24 110 78 9 30 56 78 155 13 25 
26 116° 84 9 35 58 182 159 13 25 
28 121 90 10 44 60 185 163 14 | 28 
30 126 95 10 53 62 188 167 14 | 25 
32 137 100 10 50 64 191 170 14 | 27 
34 136 105 10 38 
36 140 110 11 36 TBOteal ea een ese ean acto ae ae oe Oe 
38 144 115 11 4 | | 
1 Basis 287 trees. 2 Extension of curve. 
KEY FOR THE IDENTIFICATION OF SUGAR PINE, WESTERN WHITE 
| PINE, AND WHITE PINE WOODS. 
The following key for distinguishing the wood of sugar pine from that of the western 
and eastern white pine is based chiefly upon characteristics visible under the com- 
pound microscope, but all available gross characteristics are also included, and it is 
believed that these will enable the layman to distinguish the three species. The 
microscopic characteristics will, of course, be useful mainly to technically trained 
students. The minute characteristics are often so variable that the student may have 
considerable difficulty unless he takes into account every characteristic cited in the 
key and make numerous careful measurements. There is also a good deal of variation 
in the general gross appearance of the wood of these three pines, but those who are 
thoroughly familiar with their gross characteristics visible in the rough and finished 
states will be able to distinguish them quite readily. 
Pits on the radial walls of the pith-ray cells two, or sometimes one, per tracheid, 
round, occurring side by side. Pith rays (tangential section) one to twelve, 
or often sixteen cells in height. Resin canals about 0.13 to 0.16 mm. in 
diameter. Wood yellowish white, or often very light brown, with rather 
coarse grain. Resin canals conspicuous, appearing on a smooth longitudinal 
surfaceasdark lines. Sugary exudations and resin pocketscommon. Weighs 
_ about 23 pounds per cubic foot.-.......-.----- SuGAR Pine (Pinus lambertiana). 
Pits on the radial walls of the pith-ray cells one, two, or occasionally three per 
tracheid, nearly reund, and usually placed irregularly. Pith rays (tangential 
_ section) one to seven, or sometimes ten, cellsin height. Resin canals about 
0.13 to 0.15 mm.indiameter. Wood light brown or reddish, with rather fine 
grain. Resin canals not numerous and slightly less conspicuous than in 
the one above. Nosugary exudation. Weighs about 24.5 pounds per cubic 
LOO Gee er Ne ee a yy le WESTERN WHITE PINE (Pinus monticola). 
Pits on the radial wails of the pith-ray cells one, rarely two, per tracheid, large 
and mostly oblong. Pith rays (tangential section) mostly one to twelve, or 
sometimes fourteen, cellsin height. Resin canals about 0.08 to 0.12 mm. in 
diameter. Wood cream yellow, or that feom very old trees light brown, 
slightly tinged with red. Resin canals not very conspicuous and no sugary 
exudations. Weighsabout 24 pounds per cubic foot. . Wire Pin (Pinus strobus). 
