36 BULLETIN 426, U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 
that a reasonable present outlay in immature timber left on cut- 
over areas and in the protection of these areas will show a return at 
that time, or at least that the stumpage thus produced will be as 
cheap as that obtainablé by purchase. 
In order to secure a second crop within a reasonable time in the 
sugar pine-yellow pine type, owners should follow the Forest Service 
methods of cutting as closely as the necessities of their business will 
allow, particularly as regards close utilization, leaving immature 
timber and timber of species which have a greater prospective than 
present value, such as white fir and cedar. 
On areas cut over conservatively protection from fire must be 
provided. Promiscuous burning of the slash has been frequently 
advocated. This method involves the destruction of a large amount 
of young growth and serious injury to trees left standing, and there- 
fore can not be indorsed. Careful piling and burning of brush, the 
method practiced by the Forest Service, at a cost of 25 cents per 
1,000 feet, is probably too expensive for private owners. A compro- 
mise between these two methods should prove fairly effective. The 
brush on portions of cut-over areas located where there is unusual 
fire risk should be roughly piled away from living trees and clumps 
of young growth and carefully burned after the fall rams, when fires 
can be controlled. Piling and burning of this character can be ac- 
complished for from $1 to $1.50 per acre. On all other portions of 
the cut-over area the slash should be distributed over the ground as 
evenly as possible when the trees are trimmed and measures adopted 
to prevent fires or to put out quickly those that are started. 
‘The Forest Service offers to protect, under cooperative agreement, 
the lumber holdings of owners of areas within California National 
Forests at a cost of from 14 to 4 cents per acre, and will also gladly 
give advice to those who wish to install an independent scheme of 
protection. 
