14 BULLETIN 426, U. 8, DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 
usual daily output of circular mills varies from 20,000 to 40,000 feet, 
while single band saws cut about 60,000 feet in a 10-hour shift. 
The double-band type is usually installed now by large operators. 
Such a mill running night and day, a practice frequently followed 
during good market conditions, manufactures from 225,000 to 250,000 
feet of lumber each day, or from 40,000,000 to 50,000,000 feet each 
season. : 
The following cost items give a correct general idea of the expense 
of manufacturing sugar-pine lumber from the time logs reach the 
pond up to and including the loading of the finished lumber on cars 
for shipment. 
Cost per 1,000 board feet. 
Wntloading dogs imeponds 2: 3. se de ee et cee eames Mee en $0. OF 
Mrting 7200 FON ae ee ey a a ey 1.50 
oMasamtenances. Fo. DA 2 OOS SA Ee se ee . 50 
Disttibulion “and yard ‘handing... 2b) pee Nea ee. 33 
d EAN IE agen st er pes= pene (pny eremrreamentin ar a aWns ite eed Sean! Seti ae fy Sst . 40 
Surfacing a part of stock and loading on cars.........-.... eeeee “90 
3. 70 
Sugar pine is cut in the following stock sizes: 1’’, 14’’, 14’’, 2’’, 
24’’, 3’’, and 4’’ in grades Nos. 1, 2, and 3 clear and Nos. 1 and 2 shop. 
Dimension stock, graded Nos. 1, 2, and 3 common, is cut 1’’ and 2”’, 
whiie box, which uses up nearly the entire output of common, is cut 1”’ 
and 13’’.. Ail grades above common are cut to surface, on two sides, 
fall £”, ie Tel VB! AE, 28." 22", and 3’. Slabsand other “waste”’ 
mtatines are ase in the mac Achat of 4-foot lath. Much of the 
sugar-pine lumber now being supplied to the markets east of the 
Sierras is in the form’ of shop lumber for general miil-work. Siding, 
ceiling, etc., are manufactured only mcidentally to fill special orders, 
and can not be considered standard products of sugar-pine mills. 
CUT. 
Sugar pine was not exploited extensively until 1895, and no attempt 
to market it as a separate species was made until 1901. Exact figures . 
showing the amount cut up to 1907 are not available, but, as nearly 
as can be ascertained, this amount ranged from 30,006,000 feet in 
1902 to 90,000,000 feet in 1907. The mills cuttmg sugar pme and 
other species produced approximately 500,000,000 feet board meas- 
ure, of all species, annually from 1909 to 1913. Sugar pine formed 
22 per cent of this amount, or 110,000,000 feet. The cut in 1908 was 
somewhat less on account of the industrial depression. In 1913 the 
cut was close to 120,000,000 feet. 
Probably a billion feet of sugar pine has been cut since 1901, or a 
little over 2 per cent oi the fotal stand. The disturbances in the 
lumber market attendant upon the European war have probably de- 
creased this scale of production temporarily. Large holders of pine 
