44 BULLETIN 466, U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 
content lower than 0.23 per cent and with other figures normal, it 
seems fair to conclude that a pure maple product should have at 
least 0.23 per cent insoluble ash or, if it has less, that the other 
figures should be above the minima. 
Winton lead number.—Much stress is laid upon the Winton lead 
number in judging a maple product. Among the 481 sap sirups, the 
lowest number was 1.76, the next being 1.85, the highest 4.41, and 
the average 2.70. With the maple sugars, the lowest was 1.85, the 
highest 4.95, and the average 2.76. 
TaBLeE XXXI.—Samples of maple products with a Winton lead number of 0.85 or lower. 
Serial | Total |Insoluble| “izton | Malic Serial | Total {Insoluble aeeE Malic 
N h 2 h cS 
acid 
0. ash. ash. mannihor vanes O. ash. ash, 
A ee Oe eee sh 
Per cent. | Per cent Per cent. | Per cent 
6693....-. 1.76 OF SE NtG6352 2-22 1.85 1.68 
6613556. .88 PAY 1.85 OM GR2T— 3. 2 7 304) 1.85 By (?- 
6577 252: . 80 323° 1.85 so, WOSods 2 .83 $355) 1.85 .80 
1.85 ERO ap oa 44 oe oe .78 ay Al 1.85 .59 
6768..... | 18 . 24 
The sample with 1.76 was abnormal in this respect, being the only 
one out of 844, but the other determinations are above the selected 
minima. The total ash in each case is 0.77 per cent or over, and 
in only one case, No. 8344, is the insoluble ash content below 0.23 
per cent. In two cases, however, the malic acid value is below 0.60. 
Here one sample only out of 844 has a lead number below 1.85, and 
as this sample is normal in ash and insoluble ash, 1.85 should be con- 
sidered the lower limit for such a figure. 
Ross lead number.—This determination was not made in the case 
of the sap sirups. It was made in 282 of the 283 sugar sirups from 
the United States and in 26 of the 80 sugar sirups from Canada. Of 
these 308 samples, only 6 cases were noted in which values of 2.35 or 
lower were obtained. The lowest value found was 2.20, the highest 
5.90, and the average 3.50. 
TABLE XXXII.—Samples of maple sugars with a Ross lead number of 2.35 or lower. 
a Total insible Ross lead Malicacial| Serial Total | Insoluble} Ross lead|Malicacid 
0. ash. ne 
number. | value. | No. ash. ash. number. | value. 
Per cent. | Per cent. Per cent. | Per cent 
$0442 -- oe 5 0. 21 2. 20 0.59 || 7560...... PART 0. 67 
32055: .78 . 36 2. 22 TAA TSI Le .78 23 2. 32 .62 
6374. ~-.%.. . 82 . 39 AAs 83 | 6617 ee 78 . 34 | 2. 35 - 62 
Of these six samples it is noted that, with the exception of 8344, 
determinations of other values do not fall below 0.77 total ash, 0.23 
insoluble ash, and 0.60 malic acid. As, with the exception of 8344, 
these samples are not found in Table XXXII, it is apparent that the 
Winton lead value also was not below 1.85. Even in the case of 
