MAPLE SUGAR. 35 
tests have been made of the fresh sap in different bushes with ferric 
chlorid, but in no case has a coloration due to tannin been noted. 
Tannin is present in sap that has stood during a rainstorm, as well 
as in dirty sap. 
UNDETERMINED MATTER. 
As this is a difference figure, it is influenced by the accuracy of the 
other determinations. The highest figure noted for the United States 
samples was 5.84, and the minimum was 0, the average being 1.70. 
This difference is almost entirely accounted for when ash, which is 
weighed as a carbonate, is calculated to a malate, in which condition 
it is supposed to occur naturally. 
CANADIAN MAPLE SUGARS. 
Comparison of Canadian sap sirups with those from the United 
States showed that they were darker in color and gave lower ana- 
lytical results... The same comparison on maple sugars shows that 
on an average the analytical figures for Canadian samples are slightly 
higher than those for the United States. Table XXII gives the 
average results. 
Taste XXII.—Comparison of analytical results for Canadian and United States sugar. 
United | Canadian United | Canadian 
Determination States samples Determination States samples 
i samples (80) i samples (80) 
(283). ; (283). : 
SUICTOSOS Ee ee eee per cent... 91.89 86.48 || Insoluble ash.....-.. per cent... 0.33 0.45 
Invert sugar..........-- dose 5.46 8.76 || Soluble ash............. do.... . 62 .61 
Undetermined..........d0..-.. 1.70 3.70 || Winton lead number.....-.-.. 2.68 3. 04 
Motalashees sa... sae. do.... 95 1.06 |} Ross lead number............ 13,34 23.66 
—_____|—_—_——__|| Malic acid value.............. 91 1.03 
Motaleeesse ne. oanGOL.=. 100. 00 100. 00 
1 Average of determinations on 282 samples. 
2 Average of determinations on 26 samples. Determination not made on rest of the 80 samples. 
The darker color of the Canadian samples was due to the process 
of manufacture rather than to the environment or climate, for prod- 
ucts as light colored as those manufactured in the United States are 
made in Canada. Crudeness in the process leads to dark, strong- 
flavored products, which are of no value for consumption in that 
condition, but find a market in mixtures of maple and sugar sirups 
or for giving flavor to a sirup. 
The Canadian samples may be grouped into three divisions, those 
coming from Beauce and the surrounding townships, those from the 
region below Montreal, centered around Sherbrook and Waterloo, 
and those above Montreal in Joliette Township. Figure 1 shows the 
relative location of these townships, as well as the average figures for 
the important analytical determinations. 
1U.S. Dept. Agr., Bur. Chem. Bul. 134, pp. 75-76. 
