INFLUENCE OF A CITY ON FARMING. 
17 
devoted to truck and potato crops, showing the importance of these 
as money crops and the tendency toward more intensive farming. 
The largest percentage of green manure crops are found on farms 
specializing in potatoes. The practice is usually to sow rye in the 
fall and turn it under during the latter part of May or early in June 
for a late crop of potatoes, which is usually planted during the 
first two weeks in July. Turning under the rye and keeping the 
ground in good tilth and well packed with a plank drag or roller 
serves to retain moisture, to store humus, and to make general soil 
conditions favorable for the potato crop. 
Table XIV.— 
The distribution of crop area on different types off 
arms. 
Num- 
ber of 
records. 
Crop 
area in 
farm. 
Per cent of crop area in— 
Type of farm. 
Corn. 
Silage. 
Pota- 
toes. 
Wheat. 
Mead- 
ow hay. 
Truck. 
Miscel- 
laneous 
crops. 
Green 
manure 
crops. 
11 
12 
12 
22 
39 
133 
60 
45 
82 
160 
17.9 
15.2 
16.6 
26.0 
2,2 
3.4 
"*9.T 
.9 
24.9 
29.6 
13.1 
5.7 
8.6 
16.2 
1.2 
1.3 
7.3 
17.9 
12.9 
12.2 
12.7 
15.7 
21.4 
3.5 
24.1 
39.9 
2.4 
2.4 
8.8 
8.2 
13.5 
28.8 
14.9 
12.4 
Potato-truck 
Truck 
9.5 
2.9 
Dairy 
5.0 
General mixed 
6.7 
DISTRIBUTION OF ANIMALS. 
Table XV shows the distribution of different classes of animals on 
the different types of farms. On the intensive types, dairy cows, 
poultry, and swine are comparatively more important, while on the 
more extensive types, stock cattle, horses, and sheep are relatively 
more important. On the more intensive types of farms growing 
potatoes and truck, there is relatively a large amount of unmarket- 
able products which, without stock to utilize them, would be wasted. 
Dairy cows, swine, and poultry utilize these as well as the permanent 
pasture, and thus are profitable when in proper proportion to other 
enterprises. 
Table XV. — Distribution of animals on farms of different types in Jefferson County, Ky. 
Num- 
ber of 
records. 
Num- 
ber of 
ani- 
mal a 
units. 
Distribution of live stock. 
Type of farm. 
Dairy 
cows. 
Young 
stock. 
Steers. 
Work 
stock 
raised 
for sale. 
Sheep. 
Swine. 
Poul- 
try. 
Potato 
11 
12 
12 
22 
39 
12.0 
5.9 
5.1 
40.3 
23.1 
P. cent 
30.8 
37.7 
29.9 
62.1 
22.0 
P. cent. 
13.0 
8.0 
14.5 
13.5 
10.3 
P. cent. 
12.0 
P. cent. 
1.4 
.4 
P. cent. 
2.0 
P. cent. 
23.4 
37.7 
24.6 
9.9 
32.8 
P. cent. 
17.4 
Potato- truck 
Truck 
16.3 
31.0 
Dairy 
General mixed 
2.0 
13.1 
3.5 
3.1 
4.7 
8.9 
4.4 
9.5 
a An animal unit is the equivalent of a cow, horse, or mule. Four calves, 2 yearlings, 5 hogs, 7 sheep, or 
100 head of poultry are assumed to be approximately equivalent to an animal unit. The assumption is that 
each of these equivalents consumes about the same amount of feed and produces about the same amount of 
manure measured in terms of fertilizer value. 
