INFLUENCE OF A CITY ON FARMING. 
15 
These classifications are shown in Table XL While farms of the 
different types differ greatly in the amount of land utilized, there is 
not so great a difference in the size of the business conducted. The 
capital invested and the expenses of operation furnish a good basis 
for comparing the size of business of each type. 
Table XI. — Relation of type of farm to size of business and labor income. 
Type of farm. 
Number of 
records. 
Acres of 
improved 
land. 
Value of 
capital 
invested. 
Total 
operating 
expenses 
per farm. 
Labor 
income. 
39 
22 
11 
24 
270 
205 
192 
62 
$34, 700 
27,782 
35,000 
20,000 
S3, 667 
3,686 
3,715 
3,950 
$126 
441 
333 
1,350 
96 
195 
30, 084 
3,738 
520 
The potato-truck type of farming is by far the most profitable of 
the 4 groups. This fact undoubtedly accounts in large part for the 
tendency toward more intensive farming, as shown by a comparison 
of census statistics in 1900 and 1910. (See p. 4.) 
It must not be concluded that the potato-truck farms grow only 
potatoes and truck, or that potato farms grow only potatoes. Other 
enterprises, such as com, wheat, dairy cows, hogs, and sheep, have a 
place of more or less importance on most farms of these types. So 
also many dairy farms and general mixed farms handle enterprises 
characteristic of the more intensive types. 
In the organization of the more profitable type of farms account 
must be taken of location with reference to the city, to soil, and trans- 
portation f acuities. As the population of the city increases there will 
be a larger demand for farm products, including truck crops. The 
climate here allows the production of an early and a late crop of Irish 
potatoes each year. This condition, combined with excellent facili- 
ties for storing and marketing potatoes, makes possible the continued 
development of the potato-truck type of farming. 
DISTRIBUTION OF CAPITAL ON FARMS OF DIFFERENT TYPES. 
Table XII shows the amount and distribution of capital on the 
types of farms included in this study. 1 Potato-truck farms have the 
smallest investment both in real estate and in working capital. The 
investment in machinery and buildings is also lower than that of 
other types. The dairy farms have the least invested in cash to run 
the farm. In dairy farming money comes in at short intervals, so 
that comparatively little need be kept on hand to meet expenses. 
1 Most of the farms that may be classified as strictly "truck farms" are south of the city along the 
Ohio River on the sandy loam soils. Because there is not much demand in this section for suburban 
residence, property, and because there still remains a good deal of undeveloped and unoccupied land, 
prices here are relatively low. These facts partly account for the low capitalization of these truck 
farms. 
