INFLUENCE OF A CITY ON FARMING. 
11 
On the smaller farms nearer the city the farm practice is entirely 
different. About all the tillable area of these farms is planted in 
field or truck crops, a very small percentage being left for pasture. 
Much of the land is double-cropped. These farms near the city are 
smaller in size than those 10 to 20 miles out. The size of the busi- 
ness conducted on many of them is large, however, owing to more 
intensive cultivation. These farms show greater diversity than the 
big farms, and the crops require much more labor and fertilizer per 
acre. These factors are well illustrated in Table VI. 
The truck gardeners generally keep something growing on the land 
all the year. Kale and spinach are favorite winter crops. Some of 
the crop may be marketed in the late fall and early spring, and the 
remainder is turned under. Rye is commonly sown to be turned 
under for a late crop of potatoes. 
RELATION OF DISTANCE FROM CITY TO TYPE OF FARMING. 
The farm records taken were distributed as evenly as possible over 
the county and no thought was given to the selection of any particular 
type of farm. For this reason the farms at different distances from 
the city will represent fairly well average conditions. Mention should 
be made, however, of one factor which interferes to some extent with 
a study of farms grouped according to distance from the city. As 
previously stated, a strip of land extending 20 or more miles south 
along the Ohio River is almost wholly utilized for trucking, so that 
for this area the factor of soil has a predominating influence. Table 
VII would indicate, nevertheless, that distance from the city has an 
important influence on the type of farming. Truck crops (except as 
influenced by the factor just mentioned) and potatoes are dominant 
enterprises near the city. Receipts from such field crops as corn, 
wheat, hay, hogs, and stock cattle are grouped in the table under the 
head " Receipts, per cent, from other sources." These enterprises 
are characteristic of general mixed farming, and become more im- 
portant as the distance from the city increases. Dairying also be- 
comes more important as distance from the city increases. 
Table VII. — Relation of distance from city to type of farm. 
Number of 
records. 
Size of 
farm. 
Rent of 
land per 
acre. 
Receipts, per cent. 
Distance from Louisville. 
From 
truck and 
potatoes. 
From 
dairy. 
From 
other 
sources. 
8 miles or less 
25 
18 
24 
33 
102 
221 
256 
257 
$11.85 
5.59 
5.37 
4.66 
68 
35 
34 
20 
10 
12 
20 
27 
22 
53 
12 to 14 miles 
46 
53 
100 
211 
6. 80 38 
18 
44 
