INFLUENCE OF A CITY ON FARMING. 5 
in market-milk production. The census figures further show a de- 
crease in the number of dairy cows in Jefferson County and an increase 
in the three outside counties during the same period. 
Table II. — Changes in the dairy business during the decade 1899-1909. 
Area. 
Milk sold. 
Cream sold. 
Butter sold. 
1900 
- 
1910 
1900 
1910 
1900 
1910 
Gallons. 
2, 695, 233 
566, 121 
Gallons. 
1,542,455 
1, 879, 136 
Gallons. 
5,757 
58,830 
Gallons. 
24, 342 
74, 785 
Pounds. 
239,926 
209,906 
Pounds. 
528,915 
230,244 
Three counties outside of Jefferson in 
HISTORY OF IMPORTANT CROP AND STOCK ENTERPRISES SINCE 1840. 
The figures of the United States Census Bureau relative to crops 
and live stock give a fairly good history of these enterprises since 
1840. The high point of cereal production, characteristic of general 
mixed farming, was reached in 1870. Since then these crops have 
had a marked decline, while Irish potatoes, sweet potatoes, and other 
vegetables, characteristic of potato-truck and strictly truck farming, 
have had a corresponding increase (see Table III). 
Table III. — Statistics of crop production, 1840 to 1910. 
Year. 
Corn. 
Wheat. 
Rye. 
Barley, j Oats. 
Hay. 
Hemp. Tobacco. 
Irish 
potatoes. 
Sweet 
potatoes. 
1840 
Bushels. 
665, 899 
983, 429 
974, 110 
1,059,729 
1, 056, 209 
712, 674 
1,003,130 
947, 024 
Bushels. 
115, 175 
92, 809 
155, 785 
102, 820 
186,212 
217,831 
239, 880 
147, 835 
Bushels. 
16, 969 
2,300 
12, 352 
12,454 
10,413 
7,624 
3,030 
3,708 
Bushels. 
1,750 
6,110 
45, 305 
49, 975 
21,643 
3,669 
Bushels. 
156, 092 
128, 522 
134, 029 
368, 328 
114, 793 
148, 350 
91, 570 
45, 932 
Tons. 
5,470 
4,944 
9,543 
11,228 
11.1S6 
27, 761 
c 27, 589 
Tons. 
a312J 
120 
204 
38 
Pounds. 
75, 360 
9,500 
13, 560 
9,574 
11, 632 
5,910 
132, 840 
263, 200 
Bushels, 
b 60, 604 
106, 657 
177, 963 
377, 382 
269, 066 
737, 533 
887, 640 
1,195,631 
Bushels. 
1850 
1860 
1870 
1880 
1890 
1900 
1910 
8,204 
31,854 
104, 862 
99, 307 
117,817 
150, 832 
174, 721 
a Tons of hemp and flax. 6 Hay and forage. c Potatoes. 
There have not been any significant changes in the total amount 
of live stock kept on the farm. Swine production fell off to a marked 
extent with the falling off of corn production. Dauy cattle reached 
their high mark in 1890 and 1900. Since then there has been a 
falling off in dairy production. (See Table IV.) 
Table IV .—Statistics of live stock, 1840 to 1910. 
Year. 
Horses. 
Sheep. 
Swine. 
Total 
cattle. 
Milch 
cows. 
Other 
cattle. 
Working 
oxen. 
18-10. . 
a 6, 886 
4,893 
5,915 
6,360 
6,278 
7,820 
7,792 
7,062 
14, 971 
10, 798 
7,911 
7,089 
c 12, 335 
7,463 
8,622 
7,411 
42, 266 
39, 573 
35, 921 
34, 575 
25, 976 
16, 932 
18, 481 
13,700 
612,716 
7,987 
10, 087 
9,334 
11,347 
13, 250 
13, 876 
11, 129 
1850... . 
4,338 
5,492 
6,263 
6, 553 
8,565 
8,750 
7,594 
3,220 
4,230 
2,957 
4,740 
4,664 
5, 126 
3,535 
429 
1860 
365 
1870. . 
114 
1880 
54 
1890. . 
21 
1900 
1910. . 
a Includes mules. 
& Neat cattle. 
c Exclusive of spring lambs. 
