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UTILIZATION OF ASH. Pad} 
methods of preventing losses from them through proper handling of 
logs and lumber. In addition to its publications on the subject, the 
Bureau of Entomology will supply information by correspondence 
when special cases are reported to it. 
UTILIZATION BY INDUSTRIES. 
Practically all of the cut of ash lumber, as given in the United 
States census reports, is consumed in different wood-using industries. 
The high value and the scarcity of the wood preclude the use of 
ash lumber in general construction work. 
The uses to which ash is put may be conveniently grouped by the 
industries. This is done in Table 12, which indicates for each indus- 
try the amount of ash material and the proportion of the total that 
is used, the average price paid for material delivered at the factory, 
and the total cost of material. In round numbers, 22 per cent of the 
ash used in industries goes into handles; 20 per cent into butter-tub 
staves and headings; 15 per cent into vehicles, including automo- 
biles; 7 per cent into planing-mill products; 6 per cent each into 
refrigerators and kitchen cabinets, furniture (including chairs and 
chair stock), and car construction; 3 per cent into boxes and crates, 
agricultural implements, and ships and boats (chiefiy oars); 1 per 
cent each into sporting and athletic goods, fixtures, musical instru- 
ments, woodenware and novelties, and hames; and from one-quarter 
to one-half of 1 per cent into machine construction. pumps, sucker 
rods, toys, and tanks. A total of about 1 per cent of the ash used 
goes into plumbers’ woodwork, trunks, pulleys and conveyors, picker 
sticks, printing materials, picture frames and molding, and carpet 
sweepers. The remainder, comprising less than one-half of 1 per 
cent, goes into playground equipment, rollers for shades and maps, 
elevators, professional and scientific instruments, laundry apph- 
ances, machinery and electrical apparatus, mine equipment, brushes, 
patterns and flasks (for foundry work), whips, canes, umbrella 
sticks, dowels, caskets and coffins, butcher’s blocks, aeroplane frames 
and propellers, weighing apparatus, and gates and fencing. 
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