STATISTICS OF SUGAE, 1881-1912. 3 
United States, yielded on an average about 2,500 pounds of sugar. 
In Hawaii the average yield of sugar per acre of cane used for manu- 
facture amounted to about 8,700 pounds in the campaign beginning 
in the fall of 1910, and about 9,500 pounds in the campaign of the 
following year. The crop failure in Louisiana in 1912 reduced the 
average yield of sugar to less than 1,400 pounds per acre of cane. 
The average yield per acre of beet sugar in that year in the United 
States was about the same as in 1911 (Table 5). 
Imports of foreign sugar into the United States, a very small frac- 
tion of which is received into the island possessions, come princi- 
pally from Cuba and the Dutch East Indies (Tables 19 and 20). In 
1901-1905 considerable amounts, nearly 24 per cent of the total 
imports into the United States, came from British Guiana, Brazil, 
Santo Domingo, Peru, British West Indies, and Germany, but dur- 
ing the next five-year period these countries supplied only about 7.5 
per cent. In 1906-1910, Cuba's share in this trade increased to 73 
per cent; in 1901-1905 it was 50 per cent of the total. Nearly all the 
sugar imported into the United States, and practically all that comes 
from the insular possessions, is raw (Table 21). Scarcely one-tenth 
of 1 per cent of the total imports during 1911 and 1912 consisted of 
refined sugar. The chief ports through which foreign sugar comes 
into the United States are New York, Philadelphia, Boston, New 
Orleans, and San Francisco (Table 22) . 
The output of the Hawaiian and Porto Bican sugar mills is sent 
almost exclusively to the United States ; only a small fraction, about 
10 per cent in the case of Porto Rico and 1 or 2 per cent in the case 
of Hawaii, is retained for home consumption (Table 23). Some 
details concerning the Hawaiian industry are reported regularly to 
the Bureau of Statistics of the United States Department of Agri- 
culture. In the past several years 50 factories have been in opera- 
tion. Nominally the campaign begins on October 1 and continues 
for varying lengths of time in the different factories; the average 
duration of the campaign in all the factories in 1911-12 was 200 
working days. One or more factories have reported operations con- 
tinuing practically throughout the 3^ear (Table 24). 
As in contiguous United States so in the possessions, the pro- 
duction of sugar has increased greatly. The Hawaiian cane-sugar 
output is roughly commensurate in quanitity with the beet-sugar 
production of contiguous United States ; the Porto Rican production 
is roughly commensurate with that of Louisiana; while the surplus 
from the Philippine Islands, as represented by exports, is equal 
approximately to one-half of the Porto Rican crop. Of the sugar- 
producing countries of the world the United States with its insular 
possessions ranks among the first four. In the campaign 1911-12, 
owing to greatly increased crops in this country and its possessions 
and to low yields in Europe, the United States was second, being 
